Biochar and bacteria inoculated biochar enhanced Cd and Cu immobilization and enzymatic activity in a polluted soil

Tu, Chen; Guan, Feng; Liu, Ying; Sun, Yuhuan; Luo, Yongming

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105576

Cited by 306 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…S2). Congruent with our results, Tu et al (2020) found that the application of maize biochar led to a significant decrease in the DTPA-extractable Cd in alkaline soil. The biochar application can enhance the exchangeable content of alkaline cations such as K, Ca, and Mg, which might promote the adsorption of Cd through the cation exchange and, in turn, reduce the concentration of exchangeable Cd in the soil (Xu et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…1). Perhaps Cd showed a high preference for the carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups of biochar surface (Tu et al 2020). Therefore, the increased binding of Cd to OM fraction in this study might generate more oxygen-containing functional groups, mineral oxides, and OM of biochars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In situ immobilization is a known efficacious and environmentally friendly method for reducing the availability and mobility of PTEs in contaminated soil via the application of proper amendments such as biochar Tu et al 2020). Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced from pyrolysis of biomass under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions (IBI 2015;Wang et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced from pyrolysis of biomass under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions (IBI 2015;Wang et al 2020). Biochar has attracted the attention of researchers interested in the immobilization of PTEs in contaminated soils due to its favorable sorption properties such as its microporous structure, high carbon content, active functional groups, and large specific surface areas (SSAs) (Wang and Wang 2019;Tu et al 2020). Moreover, biochar can affect PTE availability in soil by changing specific attributes of the soil, such as pH and organic matter (OM) content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fe-Modified Common Reed Biochar Reduced Cadmium (Cd) Mobility and Enhanced Microbial Activity in a Contaminated Calcareous Soil

Moradi

Karimi

2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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The immobilization of soil cadmium (Cd) by biochar and modified biochar is an eco-friendly and cost-effective strategy. In the current study, the effect of raw biochar (BC) and iron-modified biochar (Fe-BC) derived from common reed on the fractionation and mobility of Cd was evaluated, as was its effect on soil microbial activity in contaminated calcareous soil. Treatments involved a combination of two factors: type of biochar (CK: Control, BC, and Fe-BC) and soil Cd concentration (0, 15, and 30 mg kg −1). Treatments were applied to the soil and incubated for 90 days. The application of both biochars increased soil pH and soil organic carbon content (16.6-48.0%), microbial biomass carbon (40.5-75.1%), basal respiration (16.6-48.0%), substrate-induced respiration (12.4-41.9), and dehydrogenase activity (25.5-102.1%), while it reduced diethylene-triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)extractable Cd (22.1-39.5%). The addition biochars, particularly Fe-BC, prominently decreased the concentration of exchangeable and carbonate fractions and increased the concentration of Fe-MnOx, as well as the organic and residual fractions of Cd in the soil. Moreover, relative to the control treatment, the incorporation of raw and Fe-modified biochar into 30 mg kg −1 Cd-spiked soil significantly decreased the Cd mobility factor (MF) value by 14.5 and 21.8%, respectively. Fe-modified biochar had a more significant impact than raw biochar on the immobilization of Cd in the soil, and its improved soil microbial activity to a greater extent. Overall, the findings indicate that Fe-modified biochar derived from common reed can immobilize Cd and improve soil microbial attributes in contaminated calcareous soil. Therefore, it can be used as an eco-friendly amendment for restoring Cdcontaminated calcareous soil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fe-Modified Common Reed Biochar Reduced Cadmium (Cd) Mobility and Enhanced Microbial Activity in a Contaminated Calcareous Soil

Moradi

Karimi

2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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“…Altering heavy metal phases present, in favor of lower bioavailability, has been linked to alterations in plant and human metal uptake. For example, corn straw biochar has been shown to significantly reduce the proportion of Cd in the soil exchangeable and carbonate phases (i.e., relatively highly bioavailable) and increase the proportion of Cd in the residual fraction (i.e., highly unavailable), leading to a decrease in plant and human bioavailability [18]. Bian et al, reported that wheat straw biochar reduced Cd and Pb bioavailability by~60% via sorption onto biochar (hydr)oxide phases present (i.e., unavailable), with Cd and Pb rice uptake reduced by between 27% and 69%, suggesting lower heavy metal consumption by humans [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short- and Long-Term Biochar Cadmium and Lead Immobilization Mechanisms

Cui

Bian

et al. 2020

Environments

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The mechanisms of soil Cd and Pb alterations and distribution following biochar (BC; 0 to 40 t ha−1) amendments applied (in either 2009 [long-term] or in 2016 [short-term]) to a contaminated rice paddy soil, and subsequent plant Cd and Pb tissue distribution over time was investigated. Water-soluble Cd and Pb concentrations decreased by 6.7–76.0% (short-term) and 10.3–88.1% (long-term) with biochar application compared to the control. The soil exchangeable metal fractions (i.e., considered more available) decreased, and the residual metal fractions (i.e., considered less available) increased with short- and long-term biochar amendments, the latter likely a function of biochar increasing pH and forcing Cd and Pb to form crystal mineral lattice associations. Biochar application reduced Cd (16.1–84.1%) and Pb (4.1–40.0%) transfer from root to rice grain, with rice Cd and Pb concentrations lowered to nearly Chinese national food safety standards. Concomitantly, soil organic matter (SOM), pH and soil water content increased by 3.9–49.3%, 0.05–0.35 pH units, and 3.8–77.4%, respectively, with increasing biochar application rate. Following biochar applications, soil microbial diversity (Shannon index) also increased (0.8–46.2%) and soil enzymatic activities were enhanced. Biochar appears to play a pivotal role in forcing Cd and Pb sequestration in contaminated paddy soils, reducing heavy metal transfer to rice grain, and potentially leading to reduced heavy metal consumption by humans.

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