Biochar as Additive in Biogas-Production from Bio-Waste

Meyer-Kohlstock, Daniel; Haupt, Thomas; Heldt, Erik; Heldt, Nils; Kraft, Eckhard

doi:10.3390/en9040247

Cited by 57 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Biochar addition was proposed to increase biogas production efficiency produced from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) [16]. Biochar is a solid product of the pyrolysis/torrefaction process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain

et al. 2019

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Biochar (BC) addition is a novel and promising method for biogas yield increase. Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is an abundant organic waste with a large potential for biogas production. In this research, for the first time, we test the feasibility of increasing biogas yield and rate from BSG digestion by adding BC, which was produced from BSG via torrefaction (low-temperature pyrolysis). Furthermore, we explore the digestion of BSG with the presence BCs produced from BSG via torrefaction (low-temperature pyrolysis). The proposed approach creates two alternative waste-to-energy and waste-to-carbon type utilization pathways for BSG: (1) digestion of BSG waste to produce biogas and (2) torrefaction of BSG to produce BC used for digestion. Torrefaction extended the short utility lifetime of BSG waste turned into BC. BSG was digested in the presence of BC with BC to BSG + BC weight ratio from 0 to 50%. The study was conducted during 21 days under mesophilic conditions in n = 3 trials. The content of dry mass 17.6% in all variants was constant. The kinetics results for pure BSG (0% BC) were: reaction rate constant (k) 1.535 d−1, maximum production of biogas (B0) 92.3 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m. (d.o.m. = dry organic matter), and biogas production rate (r), 103.1 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m.∙d−1. his preliminary research showed that the highest (p < 0.05) r, 227 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m.∙d−1 was due to the 5% BC addition. This production rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared with all other treatments (0, 1, 3, 8, 10, 20, 30, and 50% BC dose). Due to the high variability observed between replicates, no significant differences could be detected between all the assays amended with BC and the variant 0% BC. However, a significant decrease of B0 from 85.1 to 61.0 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m. in variants with the high biochar addition (20–50% BC) was observed in relation to 5% BC (122 dm3∙kg−1d.o.m.), suggesting that BC overdose inhibits biogas production from the BSG + BC mixture. The reaction rate constant (k) was not improved by BC, and the addition of 10% and 20% BC even decreased k relatively to the 0% variant. A significant decrease of k was also observed for the doses of 10%, 20%, and 30% when compared with the 5% BC (1.89 d−1) assays.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain

et al. 2019

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“…In contrast, AD is emerging as a most efficient technology for food waste treatment and disposal. The high amount of the organic food waste fraction in MSW presents sufficient raw material for the AD process, which does not only remove the waste from the environment but is a promising source of renewable energy as well (Meyer-Kohlstock et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2018). The biogas produced from AD consists of about 65-70% methane (CH 4 ) and 35-40% carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) (Xu et al, 2018), which can be converted into a compressed natural gas (CNG), and electric energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have shown that the addition of biochar in AD of food waste increased the biogas yield (Fagbohungbe et al, 2016;Meyer-Kohlstock et al, 2016;Sunyoto et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017). Sunyoto et al (2016) added pine sawdust biochar (produced at 650 • C) to AD of aqueous carbohydrate food waste made from white bread and observed increased CH 4 production by 41.6%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang et al (2017) added vermicompost based biochar (500 • C) to mixed kitchen waste and observed that the biochar acted as a buffer and increased CH 4 production due to 15-20% (w/w) biochar addition. Meyer-Kohlstock et al (2016) added Holm oak residue biochar (produced at 650 • C) to municipal biowaste and observed an increase of CH 4 production per organic dry matter (ODM) by 5% (257-272 NL/kg ODM ) due to 5% (w/w) biochar addition and 3% (252-267 NL/kg ODM ) due to 10% (w/w) biochar addition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Biochar in Anaerobic Digestion Based Biorefinery for Food Waste

et al. 2019

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The effect of biochar addition on the anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste was evaluated. From the five biochars tested, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn were leached in very small quantities (<10 mg/kg), while a high amount of K (1,510 and 1,969 mg/kg) was leached from treated waste wood and willow tree pyrochar, respectively. AD batch experiments were performed at an inoculum:substrate ratio of 1:1, at 30 • C and under agitating conditions. The results showed that the biogas volume produced by the treatments with the brewery residue hydrochar and treated waste wood pyrochar was lower than the amount of biogas produced by the control with only food waste. The food waste supplemented with 1.5 mL of trace elements yielded the highest biogas of 588 mL/g COD (CH 4 content−48%). Furthermore, two identical upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors, i.e., control reactor and biochar amended reactor, were operated at 30 • C, at organic loading rates (OLR) varying from 3.4 to 7.8 g COD/L.day. The average COD removal efficiencies of the control and the biochar-amended reactor were 47 and 77% at an OLR of 6.9-7.8 g COD/L.day, respectively. These study results clearly indicate that the type of biochar and trace elements concentration in biochar play a key role in determining the effectiveness of the biochar in enhancing biogas production from food waste.

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“…An additive that could increase anaerobic digestion methane yields would be important for a transition to renewable energies [22]. In previous study, RSI as an additive to enhance the performance of anaerobic digestion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Micro-Oxygen Addition on Desulfurization Performance and Microbial Communities during Waste-Activated Sludge Digestion in a Rusty Scrap Iron-Loaded Anaerobic Digester

Ruan

Cao

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:In this study, micro-oxygen was integrated into a rusty scrap iron (RSI)-loaded anaerobic digester. Under an optimal RSI dosage of 20 g/L, increasing O 2 levels were added stepwise in seven stages in a semi-continuous experiment. Results showed the average methane yield was 306 mL/g COD (chemical oxygen demand), and the hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) concentration was 1933 ppmv with RSI addition. O 2 addition induced the microbial oxidation of sulphide by stimulating sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and chemical corrosion of iron, which promoted the generation of FeS and Fe 2 S 3 . In the 6th phase of the semi-continuous test, deep desulfurization was achieved without negatively impacting system performance. Average methane yield was 301.1 mL/g COD, and H 2 S concentration was 75 ppmv. Sulfur mass balance was described, with 84.0%, 11.90% and 0.21% of sulfur present in solid, liquid and gaseous phases, respectively. The Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis revealed that RSI addition could enrich the diversity of hydrogenotrophic methanogens and iron-reducing bacteria to benefit methanogenesis and organic mineralization, and impoverish the methanotroph (Methylocella silvestris) to reduce the consumption of methane. Micro-oxygen supplementation could enhance the diversity of iron-oxidizing bacteria arising from the improvement of Fe(II) release rate and enrich the sulphur-oxidising bacteria to achieved desulfurization. These results demonstrated that RSI addition in combination with micro-oxygenation represents a promising method for simultaneously controlling biogas H 2 S concentration and improving digestion performance.

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Biochar as Additive in Biogas-Production from Bio-Waste

Cited by 57 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain

The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain

Role of Biochar in Anaerobic Digestion Based Biorefinery for Food Waste

The Influence of Micro-Oxygen Addition on Desulfurization Performance and Microbial Communities during Waste-Activated Sludge Digestion in a Rusty Scrap Iron-Loaded Anaerobic Digester

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