Biochar coupled with contrasting nitrogen sources mediated changes in carbon and nitrogen pools, microbial and enzymatic activity in paddy soil

Ullah, Saif; He, Lili; Ali, Izhar; Zhao, Qian; Iqbal, Anas; Wei, Shanqing; Shah, Tariq; Bo, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.jscs.2020.08.008

Cited by 49 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The appropriate use of N fertilizer is key for meeting the demand of the growing human population Accepted paper for food and soil for improving soil health and cereals crop quality (Izhar et al 2020a;Iqbal et al, 2020b;Ullah et al, 2020). However, the overuse of chemical N fertilizer can lead to several problems, such as environmental pollution, soil degradation, water contamination, and decreased crop productivity (Cai et al, 2018;Peng et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic nitrogen coupled with seaweed extract and microbial inoculants improves rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) production under a dual cropping system

Xie

Iqbal

et al. 2021

Ital J Agronomy

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The over-reliance on synthetic nitrogen (N) in current farming is a major concern because of its adverse effects on soil quality, the environment, and crop production. Organic fertilizers such as seaweed extract (SE) and microbial inoculants (MI) provide alternatives to chemical fertilizers that could decrease the amount of synthetic N needing to be applied and improve crop growth productivity. This study evaluated the combined effect of SE and MI with reduced N rates on the growth, biomass accumulation, yield, and yield components of an N-efficient rice cultivar (Baixiang 139-A) and N-inefficient rice cultivar (Guiyu 9-B). Field experiments were conducted in the early and late growing seasons at different sites in Guangxi province, China, in 2019. A total of five treatments, such as T1: N 180 + SE 0 + MI 0 (kg ha-1) (control); T2: N 180 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha -1); T3: N 144 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha-1); T4: N 126 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha-1); and T5: N 108 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha-1) were used. The leaf area index (LAI), effective panicle number, grain per spike, grain filling rate, and 1000-grain weight were significantly increased in T2 and T3 compared with the control. T2and T3 enhanced the biomass accumulation and grain yield of rice compared with the control. Furthermore, differences in the growth, yield, and yield components among the different cultivars were significant; however, there were no significant differences among the different locations. T3 increased the LAI, grain filling rate, biomass accumulation, and grain yield of rice by 4.5%, 5.9%, 6.6%, and 5.2%, respectively, compared with the control. Improvements in grain yield were mainly attributed to the enhanced growth and yield components. The correlation analysis also confirmed that LAI, productive tillers, grain filling rate, and biomass accumulation were positively correlated with grain yield. In sum, T3 (N144 + SE 3 + MI 3 (kg ha-1)) could achieve higher grain yield despite a reduction in the usage of chemical N. Generally, this study provides a sustainable nutrient management plan that increases crop production while minimizing costs of chemical N fertilizer application.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic nitrogen coupled with seaweed extract and microbial inoculants improves rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) production under a dual cropping system

Xie

Iqbal

et al. 2021

Ital J Agronomy

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“…In the current study, we observed the greatest amount of 15 N leaching with ammonium nitrate fertilizer applied with or without BC. For example, Ullah et al (2020) found that plant available forms of N (ammonium and nitrate) move through leaching. However, nitrate moves more readily due to its negative charge, whereas ammonium's strong positive charge allows it to become adsorbed to negatively charged soil particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ullah et al (2020) reported that field incorporation of crop residues as an organic amendment after harvest can add a substantial amount of SOC to the soil, helping to retain NO 3 − –N from fertilizer addition and thereby diminishing N leaching. Here, BC addition reduced N loss from all N sources (urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate), and a significant decrease ( p < 0.05) in 15 N leaching from the pot soil was observed across the seasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, BC was applied at a rate of 211.8 g per pot (equivalent to 30 t ha −1 ) 10 days before transplant in both the early and late seasons. The BC was derived from cassava straw according to the method described by Ullah et al (2020), and its nutrient contents were as follows: pH 8.83, carbon 674.00 g kg −1 , N 5.43 g kg −1 , P 46.33 g kg −1 , K 48.33 g kg −1 , sulfur 2.39 g kg −1 , hydrogen 3.81 g kg −1, and C:N ratio 124.12. The specific surface area was 2.46 m 2 g −1 , and the average carbon pore diameter was 3.37 nm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An approach to sustainable agriculture by untangling the fate of contrasting nitrogen sources in double‐season rice grown with and without biochar

Ullah

Ali

et al. 2020

GCB Bioenergy

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Excessive use of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizers is the primary anthropogenic cause of low N use efficiency and environmental damage in wetland rice agriculture. However, little is known about the performance of traditional inorganic N sources used in paddy rice production. Biochar (BC) is considered to be a climate change mitigation tool that can enhance N uptake and utilization in N‐fertilized crops. To test this hypothesis, we performed a pot experiment to study the fate of 15N‐labeled urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate with and without BC at tillering, heading, and maturity stages of rice in the early and late seasons of 2019. Fertilizer N leaching was significantly reduced by 75.69% and 110.32% in BC vs. non‐BC treatments across growth stages in the early and late seasons. The rate of leaching was lower for urea than for ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. Furthermore, the addition of BC resulted in 55.58% and 41.33% higher soil 15N concentrations in the early and late season, respectively, indicating that BC increased N adsorption. 15N uptake by roots, stems, leaves, panicles, and grains averaged 52.39%, 37.14%, 40.86%, 36.37%, and 29.94% higher in BC‐amended pots than in BC‐free pots in both seasons. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) among N sources in terms of fertilizer N loss, residual N, and N uptake, and performance was ranked in the order urea > ammonium sulfate > ammonium nitrate. Overall, our results indicate that urea with BC is a preferable N source for double rice cropping systems compared with ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate.

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“…Increasing the rate of N and P fertilizer application has been reported the main strategy for increasing grain yield (Leghari et al, 2016;Ali et al, 2019;Iqbal et al, 2021). However, the overuse of N and P can lead to the eutrophication of water bodies, high nitrate content in water bodies, and deterioration of rice quality (Carpenter et al, 1998;Ullah et al, 2020). Furthermore, the consequences of N and P losses from paddy fields, such as through runoff and leaching, can span multiple organizational levels and scales in time and space and thus threaten critical ecosystem services (Fowler et al, 2013;Guignard et al, 2017;Ullah et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of fertilization with reducing in nitrogen and phosphorous application on growth, yield and biomass accumulation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under a dual cropping system

Ali

Xie

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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The current farming system in China is heavily reliant on synthetic fertilizers, which adversely affect soil quality and crop production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of different nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) fertilizer application rate on the growth, yield, and yield components of rice cultivars in the Binyang, Beiliu and Liucheng sites of southern China in the early (March to July) and late season (August to December). The study consisted of three fertilization regimes—CK (N0P0); N180P90 (180 kg N + 90 kg P2O5 ha−1) and N90P45 (90 kg N ha−1 + 45 kg P2O5)—conducted at each of three different experimental sites with four cultivars (Baixang 139, Y Liangyou 1, Guiyu 9, and Teyou 582). Results showed that the leaf area index (LAI) was 38.8% found higher in Guiyu 9 compared with Baxiang at reduced fertilization (N90P45). N90P45 resulted higher dry matter production at the heading (9411.2 kg ha−1) and maturity (15319.5 kg ha−1) stages in Teyou 582 at Beiliu. Fertilization (N180P90) had higher effective panicle number (4,158,800 panicle ha−1) and grains panicle−1 (113.84 grains) compared with other treatments. Teyou 582 treated with N90P45 and Y Liangyou 1 treated with N180P90 improved seed setting rate average by 82.91% and 72.17% compared with other treatments at Beiliu in both seasons, respectively. N0P0 and N90P45 increased the thousand-grain weight (TGW) of Y Liangyou 1 at Binyang (27.07 g) and Liucheng (27.84 g) during the early and late seasons, respectively. In Beiliu, the N90P45 treatment (6611.7 kg ha−1) of Teyou 582 increased grain yield compared with other treatments. Overall, our results suggested that reducing N and P at the ratio of 90:45 kg ha−1 in Teyou 582 and Y Liangyou 1 could increase rice grain yield and yield components.

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Biochar coupled with contrasting nitrogen sources mediated changes in carbon and nitrogen pools, microbial and enzymatic activity in paddy soil

Cited by 49 publications

References 70 publications

Synthetic nitrogen coupled with seaweed extract and microbial inoculants improves rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) production under a dual cropping system

Synthetic nitrogen coupled with seaweed extract and microbial inoculants improves rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) production under a dual cropping system

An approach to sustainable agriculture by untangling the fate of contrasting nitrogen sources in double‐season rice grown with and without biochar

Impact of fertilization with reducing in nitrogen and phosphorous application on growth, yield and biomass accumulation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under a dual cropping system

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