Biochar for crop production: potential benefits and risks

Hussain, Mubshar; Farooq, Muhammad; Nawaz, Ahmad; Al-Sadi, Abdullah M.; Solaiman, Zakaria M.; Ammara, Ume; Ok, Yong Sik; Siddique, Kadambot H. M.

doi:10.1007/s11368-016-1360-2

Cited by 415 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 260 publications

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“…In particular, the yield increase with biochar addition, in the first cropping, suggested that sesame positively responds to biochar. In addition, 10 t ha −1 of coconut shell biochar added together with chicken manure to sesame resulted into higher seed weight per plant than the control on a sandy coastal soil [38]. In our study, the 50 t ha −1 (35.0% increase over control) in the first cropping significantly increased the sesame seed yield that could be attributed to increased number of seeds per plant rather than increase in the seed weight since there was no significant increase in the 1000-seed weight with biochar addition.…”

Section: Effect Of Rice Husk Biochar On the Growth And Yield Componenmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, biochar addition shows positive results on sesame. However, crop responses to biochar application depend on biochar type, application rates, soil properties and climatic conditions [38]. It important to explore the utilization of biochar in sesame to understand how seed yield and growth are influenced on upland fields converted paddy in Japan under different field climatic conditions, paddy soils with low pH and higher biochar rates in order to close existing gaps on biochar use for sesame.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

et al. 2019

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Sesame is an important oilseed crop cultivated worldwide. However, research has focused on biochar effects on grain crops and vegetable and there is still a scarcity of information of biochar addition on sesame. This study was to assess the effect of biochar addition on sesame performance, with a specific emphasis on growth, yield, leaf nutrient concentration, seed mineral nutrients, and soil physicochemical properties. A field experiment was conducted on an upland field converted from paddy at Tottori Prefecture, Japan. Rice husk biochar was added to sesame cropping at rates of 0 (F), 20 (F+20B), 50 (F+50B) and 100 (F+100B) t ha −1 and combined with NPK fertilization in a first cropping and a second cropping field in 2017. Biochar addition increased plant height, yield and the total number of seeds per plant more in the first cropping than in the second cropping. The F+50B significantly increased seed yield by 35.0% in the first cropping whereas the F+20B non-significantly increased seed yield by 25.1% in the second cropping. At increasing biochar rates, plant K significantly increased while decreasing Mg whereas N and crude protein, P and Ca were non-significantly higher compared to the control. Soil porosity and bulk density improved with biochar addition while pH, exchangeable K, total N, C/N ratio and CEC significantly increased with biochar, but the effect faded in the second cropping. Conversely exchangeable Mg and its plant tissue concentration decreased due to competitive ion effect of high K from the biochar. Biochar addition is effective for increasing nutrient availability especially K for sesame while improving soil physicochemical properties to increase seed yield, growth and seed mineral quality.Agronomy 2019, 9, 55 2 of 20 (13.5%), ash (5%) [2], and mineral components, such as K (815 mg/100 g), P (647 mg/100 g), Mg (579 mg/100 g) and Ca (415 mg/100 g) [3]. This contributes to its health and nutritional benefits. Therefore, demand for sesame seeds is increasing due to the increasing knowledge on their dietary and health benefits, but there has been limited research on sesame evidenced by low yield in most growing areas hence hampering its adoption and expansion in the world [4]. Although sesame has been reconsidered a local specialty crop in Japan [5], the production of sesame is still low. For instance, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2016 estimated that 11 tons of sesame seeds were produced from an area of 21 hectares [6]. With the increase in abandoned paddy fields estimated at 360,000 ha by the year 2010, farmers were encouraged to convert such fields into cultivation of upland crops, such as wheat and soybeans [7,8], including sesame. However, crop yield on upland fields converted from paddy may decrease due to declining soil fertility status of the paddy soils that could require soil amendment with organic materials [9].Biochar is a soil amendment produced from thermal decomposition of organic materials through pyrolysis and it has the potential to increase crop yields [10,11]....

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Section: Effect Of Rice Husk Biochar On the Growth And Yield Componenmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

et al. 2019

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“…Biochar is produced by pyrolysis of biomass under limited or no oxygen conditions. Its applications to soils can improve soil properties and increase plant productivity . In addition, biochar can impair development and reproduction of some sap‐sucking herbivore insects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its applications to soils can improve soil properties [1][2][3] and increase plant productivity. [4][5][6][7] In addition, biochar can impair development and reproduction of some sap-sucking herbivore insects. For example, after a brief note of less damage to biochar-treated pepper Capsicum annum by the broad mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks, 8 detailed laboratory experiments indicate that biochar application to soils can impair developmental performances and decrease the fecundity of planthoppers Nilaparvata lugens 9,10 and Laodelphax striatellus on rice, 11 as well as of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae 12 on wheat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of biochar amendment to soils on stylet penetration activities by aphid Sitobion avenae and planthopper Laodelphax striatellus on their host plants

Chen

Rong

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND To understand why biochar amendment to soils has a negative effect on sap‐feeding insects on their host plants, we used the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique to examine probing and feeding behaviors of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae on wheat and the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus on rice; their food plants were cultured in soils receiving different treatments of biochar type (derived from three different types of feedstock: wheat, corn or rice straw) by amendment rate (four levels: 0, 1.5%, 3%, or 5%). In addition, we analyzed the contents of key nutrients in the wheat plant to explore their relevance to aphid feeding activities. RESULTS Biochar amendment to soils increased the number of events and duration of non‐probing and probing‐preparation activities while decreasing the duration of stylet penetrations in the phloem sieve by both S. avenae and L. striatellus. The effect varied depending on the biochar amendment rate in S. avenae and on both biochar type and amendment rate in L. striatellus. Biochar amendment decreased the content of sucking stimulatory nitrogen and increased that of sucking inhibitory silicon and potassium in wheat plants; this effect varied with biochar amendment rate and not with biochar type. CONCLUSION Biochar amendment can make stylet penetration activities less effective by S. avenae and L. striatellus on their host plants. Ineffective penetration may result from the alteration in the contents of penetration‐relevant nutrients in the host plant as a consequence of biochar amendment to soils. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Among the amendment materials, biochar has captured extensive attention for soil stabilization Zhang and Ok, 2014;Rajapaksha et al, 2016), which could be produced from agricultural waste, sewage sludge, and manure under limited oxygen conditions. Biochar was shown to improve soil properties (soil aggregation, water holding capacity, nutrient availability and microbial activity), crop yield, and act as a carbon sink (Ahmad et al, 2016a;Hussain et al, 2016;Rizwan et al, 2016). The leachability of metals/metalloids, such as Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As, was also proved to be significantly reduced (Cao et al, 2009;Uchimiya et al, 2011a;Lu et al, 2014;Ahmad et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating EDDS-enhanced washing with low-cost stabilization of metal-contaminated soil from an e-waste recycling site

Beiyuan

Tsang

et al. 2016

Chemosphere

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Biochar for crop production: potential benefits and risks

Cited by 415 publications

References 260 publications

Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy

Effects of biochar amendment to soils on stylet penetration activities by aphid Sitobion avenae and planthopper Laodelphax striatellus on their host plants

Integrating EDDS-enhanced washing with low-cost stabilization of metal-contaminated soil from an e-waste recycling site

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