Biochar, manure, and super absorbent increased wheat yields and salt redistribution in a saline‐sodic soil

Fouladidorhani, Maliheh; Shayannejad, Mohammad; Shariatmadari, H.; Mosaddeghi, Mohammad Reza; Arthur, Emmanuel

doi:10.1002/agj2.20365

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It is required to improve the saline-alkali land governance and protect agricultural cultivated land resources [3]. The groundwater level of the coastal wetland is relatively high and contains a large amount of soluble salts, which easily accumulate in the surface soil and form the primary coastal saline-alkali land [4][5][6]. The artificial factors of seawater irrigation will also aggravate the salinization of coastal wetland soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effect of Modified Biochar on Saline–Alkali Soil Remediation and Crop Growth

Wang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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To solve the problem of soil degradation in coastal saline–alkali land, three different types of biochar (rice straw biochar, magnetic biochar, and humic acid–magnetic biochar) were prepared to remedy the saline–alkali soil under different mixing ratios. The effects of biochar on the growth of crops in saline–alkali soil were explored through a pot experiment on Chinese cabbage. The experimental results showed that the soil leaching treatment combined with humic acid–magnetic biochar could effectively repair the coastal saline–alkali soil. After adding 5% humic acid–magnetic biochar, the content of soil organic matter was 33.95 g/kg, the water content was 13.85%, and the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were 9.43 mg/kg and 29.51 mg/kg. After adding 5% humic acid–magnetic biochar, the plant height of Chinese cabbage was 9.16 ± 0.19 cm, and the plant germination rate reached 83.33 ± 5.54%. The incorporation of biochar could effectively increase the chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of pakchoi and reduce the soluble sugar content of pakchoi. The study analyzed the effect of different modified biochar on saline–alkali land restoration and crop growth and explored the action rule of hydrochloric acid magnetic biochar on saline–alkali land restoration, which has important practical value for improving coastal saline–alkali land.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effect of Modified Biochar on Saline–Alkali Soil Remediation and Crop Growth

Wang

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Different organic and inorganic amendments are commonly applied to improve the physical and hydraulic properties of degraded soils. For example, inorganic amendments such as zeolite, superabsorbent, gypsum, and organic amendments including biochar, manure, agricultural residues, compost, and green wastes have been used to improve the fertility of degraded soils (Fouladidorhani et al., 2020; Singh et al., 2021; Zhao et al., 2018). Biochar and cow manure application to soil can increase the soil organic matter content and play a key role in aggregate stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rehabilitation of saline‐sodic soils depends on the soil type, amendment type, and management method (Fouladidorhani et al., 2020; Li et al., 2020; Xiao et al., 2020). Previous works showed that soil physical and hydraulic properties may affect processes such as compaction (BD and K s ), root growth, root water uptake, and water movement in the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar, manure and superabsorbent improve the physical quality of saline‐sodic soil under greenhouse conditions

Fouladidorhani

Shayannejad

Mosaddeghi

et al. 2023

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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The increasing salinization and sodification of soils in drylands and irrigated systems present a great challenge to agricultural production and threaten soil quality. There is an urgent need to investigate potential strategies to remediate soils that are threatened by these processes. To address this challenge, the current study investigated the effects of organic and inorganic amendments and leaching fraction (LF) on physical and hydraulic properties including the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC), Dexter's index of soil physical quality (SDexter), bulk density (BD), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), and water repellency index (RI) in a saline‐sodic soil. A greenhouse experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with two factors (amendment and LF). The amendments included superabsorbent (1%) (SA), zeolite modified with CaCl2 (2%) (ZC), biochar (2%) (B), biochar + manure (2%) (BM), and a control (no amendment) (CT), and combined with two levels of LF (15% and 30%). Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum, ‘UG99’) was planted in the soil columns. After harvest, undisturbed samples were collected from each column for the determination of soil properties. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the SA and organic amendments to enhance Ks and decrease BD. There was a significant (p < 0.01) positive effect of the amendments, particularly biochar and superabsorbent on the soil pore size distribution. The SA amendment significantly increased soil water retention, especially at high matric potentials (i.e., 0 to −80 hPa). The effect of organic amendments on the SWCC was in between those of the ZC and SA amendments. The SA and BM treatments were sub‐critically water repellent, while the ZC treatment increased soil water repellency. The SA, B, and BM15 treatments exhibited very good physical quality (SDexter > 0.05). The relative air and moisture capacities were optimal in the B‐amended soil at field capacity (matric potential –330 hPa). We conclude that B, BM, and SA are suitable amendments for reducing the adverse effects of salinity and sodicity via an improvement in soil physical quality.

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“…In some cropping systems, biochar addition helps to reduce nitrogen fertiliser input while maintaining productivity [ 9 ] as biochar serves as a good complement to site preparation techniques that are frequently used for capturing nitrogen from nitrate so as to increase rhizosphere nitrogen bioavailability in alkaline soils [ 10 ]. According to other reports, biochar application level influences soil nutrient and plant root phenotype [ 11 , 12 ]. Moreover, studies suggest that biochar changes crop nitrogen utilization efficiency and increases rhizosphere microbial community diversity [ 13 , 14 ] which is strongly associated with root order [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar induced improvement in root system architecture enhances nutrient assimilation by cotton plant seedlings

et al. 2021

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Background Raising nitrogen use efficiency of crops by improving root system architecture is highly essential not only to reduce costs of agricultural production but also to mitigate climate change. The physiological mechanisms of how biochar affects nitrogen assimilation by crop seedlings have not been well elucidated. Results Here, we report changes in root system architecture, activities of the key enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation, and cytokinin (CTK) at the seedling stage of cotton with reduced urea usage and biochar application at different soil layers (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm). Active root absorption area, fresh weight, and nitrogen agronomic efficiency increased significantly when urea usage was reduced by 25% and biochar was applied in the surface soil layer. Glutamine oxoglutarate amino transferase (GOGAT) activity was closely related to the application depth of urea/biochar, and it increased when urea/biochar was applied in the 0–10 cm layer. Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity (GPT) increased significantly as well. Nitrate reductase (NR) activity was stimulated by CTK in the very fine roots but inhibited in the fine roots. In addition, AMT1;1, gdh3, and gdh2 were significantly up-regulated in the very fine roots when urea usage was reduced by 25% and biochar was applied. Conclusion Nitrogen assimilation efficiency was significantly affected when urea usage was reduced by 25% and biochar was applied in the surface soil layer at the seedling stage of cotton. The co-expression of gdh3 and gdh2 in the fine roots increased nitrogen agronomic efficiency. The synergistic expression of the ammonium transporter gene and gdh3 suggests that biochar may be beneficial to amino acid metabolism.

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Biochar, manure, and super absorbent increased wheat yields and salt redistribution in a saline‐sodic soil

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Analysis of the Effect of Modified Biochar on Saline–Alkali Soil Remediation and Crop Growth

Analysis of the Effect of Modified Biochar on Saline–Alkali Soil Remediation and Crop Growth

Biochar, manure and superabsorbent improve the physical quality of saline‐sodic soil under greenhouse conditions

Biochar induced improvement in root system architecture enhances nutrient assimilation by cotton plant seedlings

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