Biochar preparation and evaluation of its effect in composting mechanism: A review

Li, Y.; Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar; Sindhu, Raveendran; Zhang, Zengqiang; Taherzadeh, Mohammad J.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129329

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…In the present study, values of SSA (Figure 2) sharply increased along with the temperature of pyrolysis, from 6.06 (B550) to 39.2 m 2 •g -1 (B650). Kumar et al [16] showed that, in general, municipal solid biochars and livestock manure biochars have a lower SSA and porosity than plant biochars, e.g., the authors of [42] observed an increase in SSA parameters for bamboo biochars to 181.05 m 2 •g -1 at 600 • C, in comparison to chicken manure biochars-11.84 m 2 •g -1 at 500 • C [37].…”

Section: Compost Feedstock and Compost Biochars' Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, biochar increases aggregation and the soil's ability to retain water, which is particularly positive for plants growing under water stress, increasing grain yield [15]. In the case of composting, biochar can be a particularly useful tool that positively influences the course of the aerobic stabilization process [16]. The application of biochar has a significant impact on the moisture content, oxygen availability, temperature, pH, and C/N ratio during the composting of organic waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective Carbon Dioxide Mitigation and Improvement of Compost Nutrients with the Use of Composts’ Biochar

Stegenta-Dąbrowska,

Syguła,

Bednik

et al. 2024

Materials

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Composting is a process that emits environmentally harmful gases: CO2, CO, H2S, and NH3, negatively affecting the quality of mature compost. The addition of biochar to the compost can significantly reduce emissions. For effective CO2 removal, high doses of biochar (up to 20%) are often recommended. Nevertheless, as the production efficiency of biochar is low—up to 90% mass loss—there is a need for research into the effectiveness of lower doses. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to observe the gaseous emissions during the first 10 days of composting with biochars obtained from mature composts. Biochars were produced at 550, 600, and 650 °C, and tested with different doses of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15% per dry matter (d.m.) in composting mixtures, at three incubation temperatures (50, 60, and 70 °C). CO2, CO, H2S, and NH3 emissions were measured daily. The results showed that the biochars effectively mitigate CO2 emissions during the intensive phase of composting. Even 3–6% d.m. of compost biochars can reduce up to 50% of the total measured gas emissions (the best treatment was B650 at 60 °C) and significantly increase the content of macronutrients. This study confirmed that even low doses of compost biochars have the potential for enhancing the composting process and improving the quality of the material quality.

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Section: Compost Feedstock and Compost Biochars' Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Carbon Dioxide Mitigation and Improvement of Compost Nutrients with the Use of Composts’ Biochar

Stegenta-Dąbrowska,

Syguła,

Bednik

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…The results suggest that combined application of biochar and R. irregularis is beneficial for rice cultivation in paddy soils with high total P but low AP content. Li et al(2023) investigated Biochar preparation and evaluation of its effect in composting mechanism: A review. This article provides an overview of biochar application for organic waste co-composting and its biochemical transformation mechanism.…”

Section: Data Determination For Model Training and Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate adsorption modeling using SVM and LSSVM models

Farasati,

Seyedian,

sajadi

2024

Preprint

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Nitrate compounds are among the pollutants of groundwater resources that in recent years in terms of agricultural development and human activities, their average rate is increasing. This ion may enter drinking water as it passes through the ground, or it may enter groundwater sources as a result of water contamination with organic matter and the accumulation of municipal and industrial waste, or the accumulation of animal and chemical fertilizers or the leakage of municipal sewage facilities. But in recent decades, increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers has led to the addition of nitrate in surface and groundwater. The data used in this study were first randomized and standardized and then divided into two groups of training and testing. 70% of the data were in the training group and the remaining 30% in the experimental group. Validation of model training was performed using k-fold cross validation method with a value of k = 5 in order to prevent over-fitting of models. The parameters of Random Forest, SVM and LS-SVM models were determined using Bayesian optimization algorithm. The objective function of the optimization algorithm was to minimize the MSE error value of the model. Based on the results, the Random Forest model was used with the Bagging algorithm and the parameters of minimum node size, number of trees and number of variables used were equal to 2, 10 and 3, respectively. The SVM model was trained with the RBF kernel function and the parameters of Box Constrait and Epsilon equal to 2.2156 and 0.0891, respectively, along with standardization of input and output data of the model. The LS-SVM model was also trained with RBF kernel function and setting parameters and kernel function equal to 3160/3160 and 19.7891/19, respectively. Taylor diagram results showed that the stochastic forest model and SVM had a higher correlation between observational and estimated data. Therefore, based on the results, the stochastic forest model is more consistent with the observation data and predicts nitrate changes well.

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“…According to Wang et al (2020), the addition of biochar promotes the detoxification and maturation of the compost pile, increases the total organic carbon and humic acid contents, and increases the stability of humic acid. Li et al (2023) reported that the application of biochar could enrich the diversity of microbial communities during aerobic composting, ultimately resulting in high diversity. Ottani et al (2023) studied the effect of biochar on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from composting and found that the application of 3% biochar (dry weight) of the initial materials could reduce the production and emission of CH4 and N2O during the composting process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of membrane covers and biochar on compost quality and greenhouse gas reduction in aerobic composting

Cao,

Qu,

et al. 2024

BioRes

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The addition of biochar and the use of membrane coverings are two methods used in aerobic composting of agricultural waste. The effectiveness of each of these two methods on compost quality and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions was tested in the laboratory. The results showed that both methods increased the maximum composting temperature and extended the thermophilic period. The germination index of biochar-treated compost and membrane-covered compost reached 70% on the 18th day, which was 12 days earlier than the corresponding value in the control group. The products from the biochar-treated compost had higher pH and lower electrical conductivity, compared with the product of the control group, indicating that these products are more suitable for acidic soils. In terms of greenhouse gas reduction, both methods were found to reduce the emissions of CH4 and N2O from composting. The addition of biochar had a better emission reduction effect on N2O, whereas the membrane covering technique yielded a better effect on CH4 emission reduction. The results of this study provide technical support for managed aerobic composting to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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Biochar preparation and evaluation of its effect in composting mechanism: A review

Cited by 30 publications

References 128 publications

Effective Carbon Dioxide Mitigation and Improvement of Compost Nutrients with the Use of Composts’ Biochar

Effective Carbon Dioxide Mitigation and Improvement of Compost Nutrients with the Use of Composts’ Biochar

Nitrate adsorption modeling using SVM and LSSVM models

Effects of membrane covers and biochar on compost quality and greenhouse gas reduction in aerobic composting

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