Biochar surface functional groups as affected by biomass feedstock, biochar composition and pyrolysis temperature

Janu, Rainer; Mrlik, Verena; Ribitsch, Doris; Hofman, Jakub; Sedláček, Petr; Bielská, Lucie; Soja, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/j.crcon.2021.01.003

Cited by 235 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Anionic functional groups such as -OH, -COOH, and -C(=O)H, -CHO formed and occurred on the surface area [30,43,62]. By contrast, the acidic functional groups were removed [39,43,62,63].…”

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their structure, the hemicellulose was decomposed first, followed by cellulose and lignin [14,15,18,31,73]. The volatile compounds and gases, including CO 2 , CO, H 2 O and volatile hydrocarbons, were decomposed, while the amorphous carbon was formed [43,57,77]. The pyrolysis temperature of greater than 400 • C led to an increased amount of volatile compounds, which helped boost the content of aromatic structures [23,40].…”

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anionic functional groups such as -OH, -COOH, and -C(=O)H, -CHO formed and occurred on the surface area [30,43,62]. By contrast, the acidic functional groups were removed [39,43,62,63]. Cellulose and lignin degradation and formation of the channel structure increased the surface area and pore volume of biochar [12,16,30,48], while pyrolysis temperature influenced the molecular structure and pores size distribution [30,34,43,48].…”

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, the acidic functional groups were removed [39,43,62,63]. Cellulose and lignin degradation and formation of the channel structure increased the surface area and pore volume of biochar [12,16,30,48], while pyrolysis temperature influenced the molecular structure and pores size distribution [30,34,43,48]. Destruction of bonding connection between the internal structure of the biochar resulted in increased pore volumes and decreased porosity diameter.…”

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using biochar in agriculture is intended to achieve two goals: improving and enhancing soil properties to benefit cultivation [35][36][37][38] as well as increasing agricultural productivity [22,[39][40][41]. The soil improved the physicochemical and biological properties by the mechanism of biochar in the soil [24,28,[41][42][43][44]. Biochar can also be used to treat soil contaminated with heavy metals and reduce toxin contamination in the environment [45][46][47], revitalize salt-affected soil, [48], enhance carbon storage in the soil [42,49,50] and carbon sequestration in plant biomass to tackle long-term climate change [24,31,49,51,52] for soil resource management, and facilitate the development of sustainable land use [53][54][55][56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying Cassava Stems Biochar Produced from Agronomical Waste to Enhance the Yield and Productivity of Maize in Unfertile Soil

Wijitkosum

Sriburi²

2021

Fermentation

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Many agronomical wastes are produced annually in significant amounts after cultivation, especially in agricultural countries. This study applied biochar produced from the pyrolysis of cassava stems to improve soil with low fertility for maize cultivation. The effect of soil biochar incorporation on maize yield and productivity was also investigated. Eight experimental plots, each with four replicates, were applied with cassava stem biochar (CSB) at different rates of 0.5 kg/m2 (TB0.5), 2.5 kg/m2 (TB2.5) and 3.0 kg/m2 (TB3.0), fertilizer at 0.56 kg/m2 (TM), fertilizer at 0.56 kg/m2 mixed with CSB at 0.5 kg/m2 (TMB0.5), 2.5 kg/m2 (TMB2.5), 3.0 kg/m2 (TMB3.0) and untreated soil (TC). Pyrolysis of cassava stems at 450–500 °C produced strongly alkaline CSB with pH 9.6 and increased nutrient contents. Specific surface area and total pore volume increased, and pores were classified as mesoporous, while average pore diameter decreased. CSB had a highly stable carbon content of 58.46%, with high aromaticity and polarity obtained from O/C and H/C ratios. Results indicated that CSB enhanced and supported maize growth by improving soil physicochemical properties to suit cultivation. Applying CSB into the soil gave higher maize yield and productivity than cultivation using fertilizer. The highest yield and nutrition contents were obtained in seed from cultivation using fertilizer mixed with biochar at 3.0 kg/m2. Biochar production from cassava stems generated a useful commodity from waste material.

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“…Anionic functional groups such as -OH, -COOH, and -C(=O)H, -CHO formed and occurred on the surface area [30,43,62]. By contrast, the acidic functional groups were removed [39,43,62,63].…”

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of Pyrolysis and Feedstock On Biochar Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Applying Cassava Stems Biochar Produced from Agronomical Waste to Enhance the Yield and Productivity of Maize in Unfertile Soil

Wijitkosum

Sriburi²

2021

Fermentation

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Machine learning for the management of biochar yield and properties of biomass sources for sustainable energy

Nguyen,

Sharma,

Ağbulut

et al. 2024

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Biochar is emerging as a potential solution for biomass conversion to meet the ever increasing demand for sustainable energy. Efficient management systems are needed in order to exploit fully the potential of biochar. Modern machine learning (ML) techniques, and in particular ensemble approaches and explainable AI methods, are valuable for forecasting the properties and efficiency of biochar properly. Machine‐learning‐based forecasts, optimization, and feature selection are critical for improving biomass management techniques. In this research, we explore the influences of these techniques on the accurate forecasting of biochar yield and properties for a range of biomass sources. We emphasize the importance of the interpretability of a model, as this improves human comprehension and trust in ML predictions. Sensitivity analysis is shown to be an effective technique for finding crucial biomass characteristics that influence the synthesis of biochar. Precision prognostics have far‐reaching ramifications, influencing industries such as biomass logistics, conversion technologies, and the successful use of biomass as renewable energy. These advances can make a substantial contribution to a greener future and can encourage the development of a circular biobased economy. This work emphasizes the importance of using sophisticated data‐driven methodologies such as ML in biochar synthesis, to usher in ecologically friendly energy solutions. These breakthroughs hold the key to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

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Rice Straw‐Derived Biochar as Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Battery: A Step toward Sustainable Development

Bhatia,

Saroha

2024

Energy Tech

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In the present study, sustainable upscaling of rice straw, an agri‐residue, is explored as the way to obtain active material to prepare anode for use in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The biochar having high carbon and low silica content is prepared by initial chemical treatment of rice straw followed by its pyrolysis. The pristine and modified biochar are characterized using Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, carbon hydrogen nitrogen sulphur elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X‐Ray power diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman analysis and the modified biochar show an enhancement in graphitic carbon content. A coin cell is assembled using anode prepared from modified biochar. The coin cell is subjected to electrochemical testing and had a discharge capacity of 352 mA.h g−1. Further, the coin cell is tested for 100 cycles and a columbic efficiency of 99.7% was obtained. Therefore, biochar derived from pyrolysis of rice straw has the potential to be used as anode material for LIBs.

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Biochar surface functional groups as affected by biomass feedstock, biochar composition and pyrolysis temperature

Cited by 235 publications

References 30 publications

Applying Cassava Stems Biochar Produced from Agronomical Waste to Enhance the Yield and Productivity of Maize in Unfertile Soil

Applying Cassava Stems Biochar Produced from Agronomical Waste to Enhance the Yield and Productivity of Maize in Unfertile Soil

Machine learning for the management of biochar yield and properties of biomass sources for sustainable energy

Rice Straw‐Derived Biochar as Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Battery: A Step toward Sustainable Development

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