Biochemical and Genotoxic Responses of Adult Eel (Anguilla anguillaL.) to Resin Acids and Pulp Mill Effluent: Laboratory and Field Experiments

Pacheco, Mário; Santos, M.A.

doi:10.1006/eesa.1998.1733

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…The A. anguilla genotoxic response to the contaminants tested confirmed previous investigations where BaP (Hawkins et al, 1990;Pacheco and Santos, 1997), DHAA (Pacheco and Santos, 1999), and BKPME (Das and Nanda, 1986;Al-Sabti and Ha¨rdig, 1990;Pacheco and Santos, 1999) were identified as strong fish mutagens. However, the BaP results reveal a clear doserelated disruption of ENA expression demonstrated by the inability of the highest concentration to induce a significant ENA increase as well as by the inverse doseresponse relationship observed at 30 days exposure.…”

Section: Ena Responsesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In terms of DHAA results, it is important to emphasize that, for exposures longer than 30 days, the highest ENA levels were observed for the intermediate concentration. The previous response profile, already found in our recent study with adult eels (Pacheco and Santos, 1999), may also reveal a disturbance of the genotoxicity expression. Relative to BKPME results, the previously reported disturbance was demonstrated by the regular occurrence of an inverse dose-response relationship as well as by the appearance, after 30 days exposure, of ENA levels in treated fish below the control value.…”

Section: Ena Responsesupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Several fish studies have reported BaP (Wolkers et al, 1996;Pacheco and Santos, 1997), DHAA and BKPME (Martel et al, 1994;Pacheco and Santos, 1999) as EROD inducers. Considering these previous investigations, the A. anguilla biotransformation response observed in the current research work seems unexpected, since neither BaP nor BKPME exhibited considerable total EROD induction.…”

Section: Erod Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the variety of biomarkers adopted in ecotoxicological investigations, there is notable interest in parameters related to enzymatic xenobiotic detoxification and activation (biotransformation). In this context, cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase induction, measured as ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity, has been widely used as a sensitive indicator of exposure to environmental contaminants (Addison et al, 1994;Martel et al, 1994;Pacheco and Santos, 1999). The activation of certain xenobiotics results in the production of potentially damaging oxyradicals, which react with many biological molecules including DNA (Di Guilio et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resin acids are important BKPME components and DHAA in particular is considered a major poison to fish. Previous studies have indicated that either DHAA or BKPME as a whole induce alterations at different biological levels, namely, biotransformation activation (Martel et al, 1994;Pacheco and Santos, 1999) and genotoxicity Santos, 1997, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biotransformation, genotoxic, and histopathological effects of environmental contaminants in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)

Pacheco

Santos

2002

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

268

125

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A prolonged toxicity study was carried out in young European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) to evaluate the effects of environmental contaminants, namely, two individual standard compounds, benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) and dehydroabietic acid (DHAA), and a complex mixture, bleached kraft pulp mill effluent (BKPME). Fish were exposed to BaP (0.22, 0.45, and 0.9 mM) and BKPME (3.12%, 6.25%, and 12.5% (v/v)) for 3, 7, and 30 days and to DHAA (0.07, 0.15, and 0.30 mM) for 3, 7, 30, 90, and 180 days. The biomarkers include biotransformation and genotoxicity indicators, such as total ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and frequency of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs), respectively. Hematological dynamics was assessed as frequency of immature erythrocytes (IEs). Histopathological examinations were carried out for the highest concentrations and for 30 days and longer exposures. Total EROD increases significantly only after 180 days of DHAA exposure. However, significant ENA induction was generally observed during exposure to all contaminants tested. Nevertheless, some of the ENA results suggest an altered genotoxic response, which may arise either from short-term exposures to the highest contaminant levels or long-term exposures to the lowest contaminant levels. IE frequency decreased significantly after 30 days of exposure to 0.45 mM BaP and 180 days of exposure to the entire DHAA concentration range. Increased density of pigmented macrophage aggregates in 30-day BaP-and BKPME-exposed fish as well as in 90-and 180-day DHAA-exposed fish confirmed histopathological liver alterations. Bile accumulation in hepatocytes after BaP treatment, cytoplasmic vacuolization and cell atrophy following DHAA exposure, as well as liver loss of parenchymal cells in BKPME-exposed fish, were also detected. Dispersed necrosis and focal inflammation were observed in the livers of all treated groups. Fish exposed to DHAA and BKPME showed skin and gill disruption as well as kidney Malpighian corpuscle alterations. All 30-day-treated groups revealed intense spleen hemosiderosis, indicating increased erythrophagia. This splenic effect may be strongly correlated with the observed disappearance of ENAs. Neoplastic lesions were not found. A multibiomarker strategy, which includes EROD, ENA, and IE assays as well as histopathological studies, contributed to a better understanding of the global toxic process. r

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Section: Ena Responsesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Ena Responsesupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Erod Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biotransformation, genotoxic, and histopathological effects of environmental contaminants in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)

Pacheco

Santos

2002

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

268

125

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Environmental Effects of Effluents from Pulp and Paper Mills

Munkittrick¹

2004

Fishes and Forestry

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Chronic Exposure of Zebrafish to Iron and Aluminum: Evaluation of Reversal and Generational Transposition of Behavioral, Histopathological, and Genotoxic Changes

Rodrigues,

Finkler,

dos Santos

et al. 2024

Environmental Toxicology

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This study aimed to report the effects of chronic exposure of zebrafish exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.5, 2.4, and 5.0 mg L−1 iron (Fe) and 0.2, 0.4, and 2.0 mg L−1 aluminum (Al). We also evaluated the reversal and generational transposition (F1) of possible histopathological, behavioral, and genotoxic changes in the species. Locomotion changes that may have been caused by the increase in the number of apoptotic cells and in the telencephalic mitochondrial activity were observed especially after the 30 days exposure to Al and persisted after recovery (30 days). We also observed histopathological changes, such as an increase in the number of intestinal goblet cells, even after the recovery period in these animals. Our results also showed that the Fe concentrations used were insufficient to cause genotoxicity, behavioral and intestinal epithelium changes. The adult offspring (F1) of animals exposed to Al showed changes in locomotion and in the amount of goblet cells, demonstrating that even in low concentrations this pollutant can harm subsequent generations in the aquatic biota. Animals demonstrate, in general, greater tolerance to Fe which may be related to the physiological demand of this metal by the body. Even so, all concentrations of both metals that caused some change in the species represent Brazilian environmental occurrences or Brazilian legislation. It highlights the need for updating the guidelines and constant monitoring of aquatic environments, since even in the face of a hypothetical decontamination of the environment, some changes could persist and affect different trophic levels.

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Biochemical and Genotoxic Responses of Adult Eel (Anguilla anguillaL.) to Resin Acids and Pulp Mill Effluent: Laboratory and Field Experiments

Cited by 56 publications

References 67 publications

Biotransformation, genotoxic, and histopathological effects of environmental contaminants in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)

Biotransformation, genotoxic, and histopathological effects of environmental contaminants in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.)

Environmental Effects of Effluents from Pulp and Paper Mills

Chronic Exposure of Zebrafish to Iron and Aluminum: Evaluation of Reversal and Generational Transposition of Behavioral, Histopathological, and Genotoxic Changes

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