Biochemical and immunochemical analysis of carrageenans of the Gigartinaceae and Phyllophoraceae

Many seaweeds produce phycocolloids, stored in the cell wall. Members of the Rhodophyceae produce polysaccharides the main components of which are galactose (galactans)-agar and carrageenan. In addition, alginic acid is extracted from members of the Phaeophyceae. This is a binary polyuronide made up of mannuronic acid and guluronic acid. The wide uses of these phycocolloids are based on their gelling, viscosifying and emulsifying properties, which generate an increasing commercial and scientific interest. In this work, the FTIR and FT-RAMAN spectra of carrageenan and agar, obtained by alkaline extraction from different seaweeds (e.g. Mastocarpus stellatus, Chondrus crispus, Calliblepharis jubata, Chondracanthus acicularis, Chondracanthus teedei and Gracilaria gracilis), were recorded in order to identify the type of phycocolloid produced. The spectra of commercial carrageenan, alginic acid and agar samples (SIGMA and TAAB laboratories) were used as references. Special emphasis was given to the 500-1500 cm(-1) region, which presents several vibrational modes, sensitive to the type of polysaccharide and to the type of glycosidic linkage. The FT-Raman spectra present a higher resolution than FTIR spectra, this allowing the identification of a larger number of characteristic bands. In some cases, phycocolloids can be identified by FT-Raman spectroscopy alone.

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“…13 C-NMR spectroscopy provides information on the environment of every carbon atom in the molecule [12,19]…”

Section: Carrageenan Analysis By 13 C-nmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of FTIR, FT-Raman and 13C-NMR spectroscopy for identification of some seaweed phycocolloids

Pereira

Sousa

Coêlho

et al. 2003

Biomolecular Engineering

319

155

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“…Galactose polymers composed of disaccharide units of several types usually are regarded as molecular hybrids, but it is necessary to note that the confirmation of this property requires special evidence since a real molecular hybrid and a mixture of two or more polysaccharides with similar structures may have practically identical 13 C NMR spectra . Solutions of lambda-carrageenan and its variants are extremely viscous, hence it has not been possible to get a good 13 C NMR spectrum in liquid phase studies (McCandless & Gretz, 1984) .…”

Section: Nmr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution on the content and nature of the phycocolloid from Kallymenia reniformis (Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta)

et al. 1990

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The red alga Kallymenia reniformis (Rhodophyta, Cryptonemiales), collected on the west coast of Brittany, contained 13% ash, 5 .6% crude protein and 38 .7% soluble carbohydrate (on percent dry wt) . The phycocolloid extract (38 % dried wt) was investigated using chemical and spectroscopic (IR and 13 C NMR) methods . Preliminary results show that this polysaccharide belongs to the lambda-carrageenan family .

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“…Seaweeds from the Gigartinales order are known to produce carrageenans [65]. Gametophytes from the Phyllophoraceae family are recognized for producing ι-or κ/ι-hybrid carrageenans [67]. The gametophytes of Mastocarpus stellatus was reported to have a carrageenan content of 37.3% (w/w) dry weight, predominantly from the 'kappa family' (κ-, ι-, ν-, µ-carrageenans), with κ-and ι-carrageenans accounting for over 80% of the total carrageenan content [68].…”

Section: Mastocarpus Papillatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylation-GC-MS/FID-Based Glycosidic Linkage Analysis of Unfractionated Polysaccharides in Red Seaweeds

Bajwa,

Xing,

Terry

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Glycosidic linkage analysis was conducted on the unfractionated polysaccharides in the alcohol-insoluble residues (AIRs) prepared from six red seaweeds (Gracilariopsis sp., Prionitis sp., Mastocarpus papillatus, Callophyllis sp., Mazzaella splendens, and Palmaria palmata) using GC-MS/FID analysis of partially methylated alditol acetates (PMAAs). The cell walls of P. palmata primarily contained mixed-linkage xylans and small amounts of sulfated galactans and cellulose. In contrast, the unfractionated polysaccharides of the other five species were rich in galactans displaying diverse 3,6-anhydro-galactose and galactose linkages with varied sulfation patterns. Different levels of cellulose were also observed. This glycosidic linkage method offers advantages for cellulose analysis over traditional monosaccharide analysis that is known for underrepresenting glucose in crystalline cellulose. Relative linkage compositions calculated from GC-MS and GC-FID measurements showed that anhydro sugar linkages generated more response in the latter detection method. This improved linkage workflow presents a useful tool for studying polysaccharide structural variations across red seaweed species. Furthermore, for the first time, relative linkage compositions from GC-MS and GC-FID measurements, along with normalized FID and total ion current (TIC) chromatograms without peak assignments, were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) as a proof-of-concept demonstration of the technique's potential to differentiate various red seaweed species.

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Biochemical and immunochemical analysis of carrageenans of the Gigartinaceae and Phyllophoraceae

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Use of FTIR, FT-Raman and 13C-NMR spectroscopy for identification of some seaweed phycocolloids

Use of FTIR, FT-Raman and 13C-NMR spectroscopy for identification of some seaweed phycocolloids

Contribution on the content and nature of the phycocolloid from Kallymenia reniformis (Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta)

Methylation-GC-MS/FID-Based Glycosidic Linkage Analysis of Unfractionated Polysaccharides in Red Seaweeds

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