Biochemical and morphological attributes of broiler kidney in response to dietary glucocorticoid, dexamethasone

Abstract

Glucocorticoids (GCs) initiate oxidative stress and cause renal damage which lead to hypertension, heart failure and ultimately death. The current study aimed to investigate the alterations in serum biochemical parameters i.e. HDL and LDL; gross anatomy, histomorphology and histomorphometry of broiler kidney in response to dietary GC, dexamethasone (DEX). Day old chicks (DOCs) were randomly assigned into four groups: control and three treatment groups (T1, T2 and T3). The control group was fed commercial broiler type ration and the treated groups were fed commercial broiler type ration containing GC (Dexamethasone @ 3, 5 and 7 mg/kg in T1, T2 and T3 group respectively). To measure the biochemical parameters, blood samples were collected on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 of the experiment. For histological investigation, kidney (left) samples were collected from the individual birds after sacrificing on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 of the experiment. Histomorphological alterations of the kidney were assessed by routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Biochemical analysis showed significantly increased serum HDL and LDL level compared to the control. In gross study, dark congested kidney was found with significantly decreased weight, length and width. Treatment with DEX augmented congestion, inflammation and fibrosis in kidney, as evidence by histomorphometric study. Extensively degenerated and atrophied glomeruli, degenerated tubular epithelium with distorted tubules and inter tubular empty spaces were seen. Percentage of atrophied glomeruli increased significantly and maximum percentage of glomerular atrophy was seen at day 28. These changes were found more explicitly in the higher dose group. Histomorphometric study also revealed significant decrease in the diameter of glomerulus. The findings of this study suggest that DEX may alter the serum biochemical parameters as well as kidney gross and histomorphology.

Impact of Phytobiotic Growth Promoters Supplementation on the Morphology and Biometry of the Vital Organs in Broilers

“…However, their effects on the vital organs of broilers need to be explored to get a clear insight into their efficacy. Morphologic and biometric evaluation of the vital organs can be an important tool in this context (Islam et al,2021;Islam et al, 2022a, b;Sultana et al, 2021;Sultana et al, 2022). Therefore, the current study investigates the impact of Cv and Ts on the morphologic and biometric attributes of the vital organs (heart, lungs, liver, kidney, and testes) of broilers for the first time.…”

Evaluation of the effects of steroid growth promoter on the intestinal morphology and morphometry in broiler chicken.

“…A constant supply of an adequate amount of feed and fresh drinking water was ensured. Standard temperature and relative humidity were maintained throughout the experiment (Sultana et al, 2021).…”

“…Besides inducing stress, corticosteroids can also in uence digestive function by markedly decreasing the digestibility of protein and carbohydrates (Puvadolpirod and Thaxton, 2000). DEX reportedly damages the kidney by vacuolation of kidney tissue, shrinking the tubules, and decreasing the number of nephrons (Moisiadis et al, 2014;Salman andHassooni, 2020 andSultana et al, 2021). A high dose of DEX alters the breast and thigh meat morphology (Akter et al, 2020) and also results in the developmental arrest of immune organs in the broiler (Sultana et al, 2020a).…”

The Effect of Dried Probiotics on Broiler Performance and Kidney Function

“…Kidneys are involved in a variety of vital processes. Consequently, it is not surprising that kidney dysfunction can result in significant disadvantages for the broiler industry (Sultana et al, 2021). kidneys are organs responsible for filtering and excreting metabolites that the body no longer needs.…”