Biochemical and Structural Characterization of Ferulated Arabinoxylans Extracted from Nixtamalized and Non-Nixtamalized Maize Bran

Abstract

Maize bran is a good source of non-starch polysaccharides, having various bioactive compounds. In the current research, we extracted the ferulated arabinoxylans from nixtamalized maize bran (NMB) and non-nixtamalized maize bran (NNMB) and explored their biochemical composition (monosaccharides, phenolic compounds) and structural characteristics (FTIR, SEM and XRD) as well as antioxidant activity. Results showed that contents of ferulated arabinoxylans were 8.1 ± 0.04% and 6.8 ± 0.02 in NMB and NNMB, respectively. Moreover, the purity of arabinoxylans was 60.1 ± 0.8% and 57.04 ± 0.7% in NMB and NNMB ferulated arabinoxylans. Furthermore, ferulated arabinoxylans have higher arabinose, xylose and ferulic acid contents. FTIR spectra of NMB and NNMB ferulated arabinoxylans depicted the presence of polysaccharide compounds and the corresponding band was observed at 993 cm−1, which is due to glycosidic bond vibration. In addition, absorbance regions of arabinoxylans between 900 cm−1 to 1200 cm−1 were observed. Moreover, SEM micrographs of ferulated arabinoxylans had visible rough and porous surface morphology. Further, ferulated arabinoxylans of NMB and NNMB did not exhibit any sharp peaks in XRD graphs, attributed to their amorphous nature. However, XRD 2θ showed peaks at 20.0°, which predominantly indicated that the material has an amorphous state with small crystalline regions in the sample, which shows the presence of xylans (small and narrow sharp peaks).

Biobran-loaded core/shell nanofibrous scaffold: a promising wound dressing candidate

“… 62 The band from 988 cm −1 to 1016 cm −1 is related to the arabinose side chain O-3 on xylose. 63 The PCL spectra displays strong bands attributed to CH 2 stretching at 2937 cm −1 and 2855 cm −1 , C O stretching at 1717 cm −1 , C–O–C stretching at 1234 cm −1 and 1165 cm −1 and O–C stretching at 1042 cm −1 and 955 cm −1 . The main peaks of PVA were observed at 3310, 2930, 1723, 1420, 1374, 1089, and 838 cm −1 .…”

Exploration of novel eco-friendly techniques to utilize bioactive compounds from household food waste: special reference to food applications

“…It consists of placing the plant material in a specific still chamber, adding water, and boiling the mixture (Hikal et al, 2021). By applying steam to the plant material instead of immersing it, this Grape berry, pomace, fruits, persimmon peel, gluten-free flours, nuts, red wine, grape seed, cocoa, and soybean husk (Direito et al, 2021;Sabra et al, 2021;Tasinov et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021;Arifah et al, 2022;Hoskin et al, 2023) Ferulic acid C 10 H 10 O 4 Rice bran, Citrus peel, maize bran, beetroot waste, rice husk, and sugar beet pulp (Bettio et al, 2020;Hussain et al, 2022;Hussain et al, 2022) Frontiers in Food Science and Technology frontiersin.org method extracts the desired bioactive molecules that require steam and hot water to be released. However, hydro distillation may also result in the loss of some volatile chemicals that are sensitive to high temperatures (Nguyen et al, 2023).…”