Biochemical assessment of thiamine nutrition in childhood

Reinken, L; Stolley, H; Droese, W

doi:10.1007/bf00444343

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The classical thiamin deficiency disease beriberi has not been reported in infants fed with either human milk or EM in the USA or Canada. The number of EM infants in the marginal/deficient range is similar to those reported by Reinken et al (27). Of the three infants at risk in the EM group at 3 and 6 months of age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Evaluation of full‐term infants fed an evaporated milk formula

et al. 1997

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The objective of this prospective, cohort study was to compare the nutritional status of full-term infants who were fed human milk (BF, n = 29), formula (FF, n = 30) or evaporated milk formulae (EM, n = 30) for at least 3 months. Infants were seen at enrollment, 3 and 6 months, at which times a blood sample, diet record and anthropometric data were collected. Infants in the EM group received solids earlier (12 +/- 5 weeks) than did FF infants (15 +/- 4 weeks), and both were earlier than BF infants (19 +/- 4 weeks). Only 26% of the EM fed group received iron supplements as ferrous sulphate drops. Seven BF, 12 FF and 20 EM had abnormal ferritin values (< 10 ng ml-1) at 6 months. Copper intake was lower in the EM infants at 3 and 6 months. However, plasma copper and erythrocyte copper zinc superoxide dismutase (ZnCuSOD) levels did not differ between groups. Selenium intake was lower in the EM group (5 +/- 1 and 10 +/- 5 micrograms d-1; 3 and 6 months) than in the FF infants (13 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 7 micrograms d-1; 3 and 6 months). Erythrocyte SeGHSPx levels in EM infants were lower at 6 months (EM, 33.2 +/- 3.4; FF. 35.2 +/- 3.9: BF, 36.1 +/- 3.8 mU mg Hb-1). Thiamin intake (0.99 +/- 0.08 and 1.24 +/- 0.32; 3 and 6 months, mg 1000 kcal-1) was higher in the FF group than in EM infants (0.38 +/- 0.39 and 0.66 +/- 0.38; 3 and 6 months). There were more (13%) abnormal thiamin assays in the EM group at 6 months than in the BF and FF infants (0%). In conclusion, infants fed evaporated milk formula receive adequate copper but may not receive enough thiamin or selenium. Unless supplemented from birth with medicinal iron, intakes of iron will be inadequate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Evaluation of full‐term infants fed an evaporated milk formula

et al. 1997

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“…There are few data from which to determine the reference range for basal ETK. ETK has been shown to decline with increased age but using a different technique to that used here [37], [38]. For the reference range for maternal basal ETK we used unpublished data from the NDNS Young people and Adult surveys, UK (MRC Human Nutrition Research unpublished, Table 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrocyte Transketolase Activity, Markers of Cardiac Dysfunction and the Diagnosis of Infantile Beriberi

et al. 2011

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BackgroundInfantile beriberi is a potentially lethal manifestation of thiamin deficiency, associated with traditional post-partum maternal food avoidance, which persists in the Lao PDR (Laos). There are few data on biochemical markers of infantile thiamin deficiency or indices of cardiac dysfunction as potential surrogate markers.Methodology/Principal FindingsA case control study of 47 infants with beriberi and age-matched afebrile and febrile controls was conducted in Vientiane, Laos. Basal and activated erythrocyte transketolase activities (ETK) and activation (α) coefficients were assayed along with plasma brain natriuretic peptide, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and troponin T. Basal ETK (and to a lesser extent activated ETK) and plasma troponin T were the only infant biochemical markers that predicted infantile beriberi. A basal ETK≤0.59 micromoles/min/gHb gave a sensitivity (95%CI) of 75.0 (47.6 to 92.7)% and specificity (95%CI) of 85.2 (66.3 to 95.8)% for predicting infantile beriberi (OR (95%CI) 15.9 (2.03–124.2); p = 0.008) (area under ROC curve = 0.80). In contrast, the α coefficient did not discriminate between cases and controls. Maternal basal ETK was linearly correlated with infant basal ETK (Pearson's r = 0.66, p<0.001). The odds of beriberi in infants with detectable plasma troponin T was 3.4 times higher in comparison to infants without detectable troponin T (OR 3.4, 95%CI 1.22–9.73, p = 0.019). Detectable troponin T had a sensitivity (95%CI) of 78.6 (59.0 to 91.7) % and specificity (95%CI) of 56.1 (39.7 to 71.5) % for predicting infantile beriberi.Conclusions/SignificanceBasal ETK is a more accurate biochemical marker of infantile beriberi than the activation coefficient. Raised plasma troponin T may be a useful indicator of infantile beriberi in infants at risk and in the absence of other evident causes.

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“…ETK activity determination is a popular method for the measurement of thiamin status; however, very few papers give values specifically for the adolescent age group. Where values are available (Reinken et al 1979;Marktl et al 1982;Widhalm et al 1986;Gans & Harper, 1991), a significant proportion of the adolescent population studied also had ETK-AC values indicative of abnormally low thiamin status, although the criteria for establishing normal-, moderate-and high-risk individuals vary slightly between authors. The apparently high incidence of poor thiamin status found in this and other studies, for population groups previously supposed to be healthy, poses several questions.…”

Section: Etk Activitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This presents a major problem in the use of this measurement as an index of thiamin nutriture. The age dependence of ETK and ETK-AC is discussed by Reinken et al (1979) and Rooprai et al (1990); unfortunately ages between 14 and 18 years are not considered.…”

Section: Etk Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiamin intake, erythrocyte transketolase (EC2.2.1.1) activity and total erythrocyte thiamin in adolescents

et al. 1994

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The relationships between thiamin intake, erythrocyte transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) activity coefficient (ETK-AC) and total erythrocyte thiamin were investigated in a group of adolescents (13 to 14 years old; nineteen boys, thirty-five girls). Thiamin intakes were calculated from 7 d weighed records, using food composition tables, and compared with those obtained by direct analysis of duplicate diets. Average 7 d calculated thiamin intakes were significantly lower than analysed intakes for both sexes. On an individual basis, calculated intakes ranged from 30 to 143 % of corresponding analysed values. Analysed and calculated intakes were significantly correlated when expressed as mg/d; however, when expressed in terms of energy intake, the correlation was significant for males only. Thiamin intake appeared largely adequate when compared with current UK dietary recommendations (Department of Health, 1991), but the limitations of such comparisons are considered. The major food groups contributing to thiamin intake were examined and showed breakfast cereals to contribute more than 25% of dietary thiamin.

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Biochemical assessment of thiamine nutrition in childhood

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation of full‐term infants fed an evaporated milk formula

Evaluation of full‐term infants fed an evaporated milk formula

Erythrocyte Transketolase Activity, Markers of Cardiac Dysfunction and the Diagnosis of Infantile Beriberi

Thiamin intake, erythrocyte transketolase (EC2.2.1.1) activity and total erythrocyte thiamin in adolescents

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