Biochemical Basis of Oligofructose-Induced Hypolipidemia in Animal Models

Abstract

Oligofructose (OFS), a mixture of nondigestible/fermentable fructooligosaccharides, decreases serum triacylglycerol (TAG) when it is included in the standard, fiber-free or high fat diet of rats. This paper summarizes in vivo and in vitro data to establish a biochemical mechanism underlying the hypolipidemic effect of OFS. When OFS is added to the standard (carbohydrate-rich) diet of rats at the dose of 10 g/100 g, a TAG-lowering action occurs as a consequence of a reduction of de novo liver fatty acid synthesis. The depression in the activity of all lipogenic enzymes and fatty acid synthase mRNA suggests that OFS modifies the gene expression of lipogenic enzymes. Through its modulation of de novo lipogenesis, OFS can protect against liver lipid accumulation induced by providing 10% fructose-enriched water for 48 h. OFS also significantly decreases serum insulin and glucose, which are both known to participate in the nutritional regulation of lipogenesis. It also increases the intestinal production of incretins, namely, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and glucagon-like peptide 1. This latter phenomenon results mainly from promotion of intestinal tissue proliferation by oligofructose fermentation end-products. Collectively, a link likely exists between the modulation of hormone and incretin production by OFS, and its antilipogenic effect.

Effect of <i>Tremella fuciformis</i> ferment substance on the growth performance and lipid metabolism of finishing pigs

“…These findings are consistent with reports on reduced hepatic lipogenesis when oligofructose, levan and inulin were added to the diets of rats and humans (Delzenne and Kok, 1999;Letexier et al, 2003;Kang et al, 2006). This reduced lipogenic rate possibly plays a role in the triacylglycerol-lowering action of TFS.…”

“…The mechanisms of lipid lowering in response to prebiotics (fructooligosaccharide and inulin) have been proposed in rats and humans. The triacylglycerol-lowering action of oligofructose is due to a reduction in de novo fatty acid synthesis in the liver through the inhibition of lipogenic enzymes,namely, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCa) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) (Delzenne and Kok, 1999;Letexier et al, 2003;Kang et al, 2006).…”

Lactosucrose Inhibits Body Fat Accumulation in Rats by Decreasing Intestinal Lipid Absorption

“…Several oligosaccharides have a hypolipidemic effect. 5,[12][13][14][15] In the present study, we examined the effect of LS on lipid absorption by comparing oral triolein tolerance in the presence and absence of LS. LS reduced the elevation of serum TG level induced by oral triolein given to rats together with LS, suggesting that LS inhibited intestinal lipid absorption.…”

Dietary Fructans and Their Potential Beneficial Influence on Health and Performance Parametrs in Broiler Chickens

“…Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the hypotriacylglycerolemic properties of inulin-type fructans in experiments with laboratory animals. One of the accepted hypothesis is that fructans induce a decrease in the hepatic expression and activity of lipogenic enzymes in the liver and reduce de novo fatty acids and triacylglycerol synthesis (Delzenne and Kok, 1999;Kok et al, 1996;Roberfroid, 2000). The direct effect of inulin bacterial fermentation products (SCFA) on the modulation of lipoproteins metabolism is not sufficiently clear because short-chain carboxylic acids, in isolation or in mixture, have antagonistic effects on cholesterol metabolism (Roberfroid and Delzenne, 1998).…”