Biochemical changes in developing seeds of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)

Singh, Ummed; Jambunathan, R.; Narayanan, A.

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(80)80162-2

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The Xanthosoma, Colocasia and M. utilissima starches were with very low levels of crude fiber and lipid which did not differ significantly ( P > 0.05). A considerably low content of non‐carbohydrate constituents was indicative of high purity of the starch (Singh et al. 1980).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition and Pasting Properties of Starch From Two Cocoyam Cultivars

Mepba¹,

Eboh²,

Eko³

et al. 2009

Journal of Food Quality

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The composition and pasting properties of starches from two cocoyam cultivars were evaluated and compared with cassava starch. The starch, amylose and amylopectin contents of Xanthosoma and Colocasia cultivars ranged from 79.2 to 79.8%, 23.3–23.6%, 56.1–56.2% and 77.6–77.8%, 25.4–25.7%, 52.1–52.2%, respectively. The Xanthosoma and Colocasia starches had significantly low levels (0.12–0.24%) of lipid, with trace concentrations of crude fiber. Manihot utilissima had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher starch and amylopectin but lower amylose contents than Colocasia and Xanthosoma starches. Average granule sizes of Xanthosoma and Colocasia starches ranged from 4.3 to 5.6 µm and 2.5–3.4 µm, respectively. Xanthosoma and Colocasia starches showed restricted swelling and solubility patterns with high initial gelatinization temperatures ranging from 78.3 to 78.5C and 74.6–74.8C, respectively. Between 19.0–19.2% and 16.8–17.1% soluble carbohydrates were obtained from Xanthosoma and Colocasia starches, respectively, at 95C. The Xanthosoma starches had higher peak, hot paste and cooked paste viscosities and stability than Colocasia starches. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS This study shows that the application of cocoyam starches in food would depend largely on the knowledge of their physicochemical properties which differed with the cultivars. The properties of importance include composition, granular characteristics, swelling, solubility and pasting characteristics. The low lipid content of Xanthosoma and Colocasia starches was important to their functionality because lipid complexes with carbohydrates and reduce swelling and solubility of starches by restricting gelatinization. Xanthosoma starches had significantly higher amylopectin but lower amylose contents than Colocasia starches. The relatively high amylose contents and smaller granular characteristics were associated with the low swelling and solubility patterns of starches from both cultivars. Xanthosoma starch had higher solubilities than Colocasia starch at higher temperatures (80–95C). Xanthosoma brasillience and Xanthosoma sagittifolium starches had superior viscosity stabilities than Colocasia antiquorum and Colocasia esculenta starches, and would be useful in baked products like biscuits, cakes and breads. C. esculenta and C. antiquorum starches would be desirable in sauces, soups and as thickeners in products requiring continuous heating and stirring where viscosity is not desired.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starch content was determined by the method of Singh et al. (1980) and amylose by the method of Williams et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Pasting Properties of Starch From Two Cocoyam Cultivars

Mepba¹,

Eboh²,

Eko³

et al. 2009

Journal of Food Quality

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“…Shastry & John (1991) determined IVPD of Dolichos lablab cv mani avare and reported high‐PD in the initial stages of germination. Singh et al . (1980) reported increased protein solubility in chick pea and pigeon pea on soaking for 6–48 h. Improvement of IVPD was noticed when dhal was soaked for different durations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional quality of storage proteins during germination of Indian bean (Dolichos lablab. var. lignosus) seeds

Vadde¹,

Rani

Rao

2008

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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The dry Indian bean seed composed of starch is the major component (33%) and protein accounted for 25% of dry weight. The ability of germination to increase the nutritional quality of storage proteins was studied by germinating the Indian bean seeds for 0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 h and evaluated the nutritional quality through an in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD), protein efficiency ratio (PER), apparent and true digestibility. The IVPD of raw Indian bean seeds by pepsin alone was 60.12% and the digestibility by pepsin and trypsin together improved to 64.24%. The in vitro digestibility by both processes increased appreciably with germination and marked increase was noticed in the early stage of germination. The PER values followed the same pattern as the value of weight gain of rats fed with diets containing raw and germinated Indian bean. The lowest PER values were observed with raw bean diet. However, the value increased in rats fed with diets of Indian bean germinated for different intervals of time, reaching comparable PER values with the group maintained on casein diet. The true and apparent nitrogen digestibility of raw bean low being only 82 and 72%, respectively observed with casein diet. Diets with germinated bean protein showed a marked increase in both parameters, although the values were still less than that displayed by the casein fed rats. Germination is a simple biochemical enrichment tool and significantly improves palatability, digestibility and the nutritive utilisation of proteins in Indian bean seeds.Nutritional quality of storage proteins during germination of Indian bean seeds V. Ramakrishna et al. 945 Nutritional quality of storage proteins during germination of Indian bean seeds V. Ramakrishna et al.

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“…The fertilized egg cells undergo various morphological, physiological and functional changes before they reach the seed maturity stage (Delouche, ). According to Singh, Jambunathan, & Narayanan (), the rapid starch accumulation in pigeonpea occurs between 14 and 28 days after flowering, while the soluble sugars continue to increase up to 35th day, but the most amino acids and minerals accumulate in the first seven days. Balkrishanan, Vanangamudi, & Natarajaratnam () reported no germination in 7‐ and 14‐day‐old pigeonpea seeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The varietal difference in seed germination rate could arise due to genetic differences in the two key processes responsible for the growth and development of growing seeds. These include the rate of cell division and their expansion that is controlled by auxin signalling (Quint & Gray, ); and the rate and amount of starch accumulation in the first 35 days, which directly influence the energy generation (Singh et al., ) and seed germination (Rao & Rao, ). The study also revealed that for rapid generation advance in pigeonpea, earliness of the genotypes is a key factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of immature seed germination and single seed descent for rapid genetic gains in pigeonpea

Saxena

Varshney

2017

Plant Breeding

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Long duration required for generation advancement in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] is one of the major bottlenecks in realizing rapid genetic gains. Therefore, a technology for rapid generation turnover is warranted to facilitate the development of new cultivars and recombinant inbred lines. Breeding of early-maturing cultivars has now opened up the possibility of rapid generation advance (RGA) in this crop.This paper reports the development of an RGA technology that integrates the germination of immature seeds with single seed descent method of breeding. The results showed that immature 35-day-old seeds can be used successfully to turn over a generation of pigeonpea with 100% seed germination. These way 3/4 successive generations can be grown within a year. The methodology presented in this study will accelerate the breeding process for breeding cultivars and develop rapidly the materials required for genomics research in pigeonpea. | MATERIALS AND METHODSFour early-maturing cultivars ICPLs 00004, 00151, 85024 and 97093 were selected for this study. Two experiments were conducted in a glasshouse under natural photoperiods with mean day and night temperatures maintained approximately at 32°C and 23°C, respectively. Relative humidity in the glasshouse was maintained at around 60%. These experiments were conducted in plastic pots of 25 cm diameter, filled with a mixture of three alfisols: 1 farm yard manure. In each pot, 8-10 seeds were sown, approximately 3 cm deep in the soil. The watering was done twice a week. Fifteen days after sowing, four seedlings were retained in each pot.The first experiment with two replications was designed to determine the appropriate pod age for harvesting. To impose various

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Biochemical changes in developing seeds of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Composition and Pasting Properties of Starch From Two Cocoyam Cultivars

Composition and Pasting Properties of Starch From Two Cocoyam Cultivars

Nutritional quality of storage proteins during germination of Indian bean (Dolichos lablab. var. lignosus) seeds

Use of immature seed germination and single seed descent for rapid genetic gains in pigeonpea

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