Biochemical Characteristics of Acid-Soluble Collagen from Food Processing By-Products of Needlefish Skin (Tylosurus acus melanotus)

Abstract

The by-product of needlefish (Tylosurus acus melanotus) waste possesses important characteristics that could be used in food applications. Fish by-product collagen may be used in place of mammalian collagen due to ethical and religious considerations over environmental degradation. Different forms of acid-soluble collagen (ASC) were successfully extracted from needlefish skin. Based on dry weight, the collagen extracted using acetic acid (AAC), lactic acid (LAC), and citric acid (CAC) treatments was 3.13% with a significantly difference (p < 0.05), followed by 0.56% and 1.03%, respectively. Based on proximate analysis, the needlefish skin composition was found to be significantly different (p < 0.05) between compositions, with the highest moisture content at 61.65%, followed by protein (27.39%), fat (8.59%), and ash (2.16%). According to the SDS-PAGE results, all extracted collagen were identified as a type 1 collagen. Additionally, ATR-FTIR revealed that all collagens had amide A, B, amide I, II, and III peaks. AAC significantly outperforms LAC and CAC in terms of yield following physicochemical characterisation, including pH determination, colour (L* value), and hydroxyproline content. All collagens demonstrated strong heat resistance and structural stability with Tmax above 38 °C. Collagen was most soluble at pH 5 for AAC, pH 3 for LAC, and pH 7 for CAC. The effect of collagen solubility on NaCl concentration was discovered to be significantly reduced to 50 g/L for all collagen samples. All collagens can be used as alternatives to terrestrial collagen in a diverse range of applications.

Unicorn Fish (Naso reticulatus Randall, 2001) Skin Collagens Prepared Using Two Pepsin Sources: An Assessment on Physicochemical Characteristics

“…This finding was also recognized in previous experiments on fish skin collagens, including lizardfish (S. tumbil) [8], bigeye tuna (T. obesus) [13], and purple-spotted bigeye (P. tayenus) [16]. Furthermore, the β-and γ-chains of all samples were comparable to numerous literatures of fish collagens [9], [33].…”

Comprehensive analysis of collagen: unveiling the distinctive characteristics and amino acid profiles from skin and bone of Mesopotamian spiny Eel, Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Banks & Solander, 1794)

“…Collagen is crucial to many industries because of its special qualities, including those that produce nutritious foods, cosmetics, tissue engineering, and products for treating wounds [11,12] . Due to its resistance to stretching and fibrous structure, collagen gives skin strength and flexibility.…”

Optimization Process of the Pepsin-Solubilized Collagen from Lizardfish (Saurida tumbil Bloch, 1795) Skins by-Product

“…Some fish collagens derived from different species and fish parts have been studied and characterized, including the bone, scale and skin of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) [2], grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) [3], golden pompano (Trachinotus blochii) [4], tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) [5], barracuda (Sphyraena sp.) [6], purple-spotted bigeye snapper (Priacanthus tayenus) [7], red-bellied pacu (Piaractus brachypomus) [8], tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) [9], striped marlin (Kajikia audax) [10], needlefish (Tylosurus acus melanotus) [11], sturgeon fish (Huso huso) [12], ray fish (Zearaja chilensis) [13], parrotfish (Scarus sordidus) [14], and seabass (Lates calcarifer) [15]. Among them, tilapia skin collagen has been proved as a wound healing acceleration agent [16] and grass carp scale collagen could be used for bone tissue regeneration [17].…”