Biochemical characterization of cholesterol-reducing Eubacterium

Mott, Glen E.; Brinkley, A W; Mersinger, C L

doi:10.1128/aem.40.6.1017-1022.1980

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…are able to degrade two cholesterol metabolites (coprostenol (cholest-4-en-3β-ol) and cholestenone) into coprostanol. [28,32] In contrast, Ren et al, [34] using pure culture of Eubacterium coprostanoligenes found no production of intermediary metabolites such as cholesterone and cholestenone, which could imply that the conversion of cholesterol into coprostanol occurs through route I ( Figure 1). Besides, it has also been found that Bacteroides thetaiomicrom produces a larger amount of coprostanol than Bifidobacterium sp.…”

Section: Dietary Sterols Biotransformation By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Sterols biotransformation by the gut microbiota has been widely studied by in vitro assays using microbiota from human, [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] rat, [25][26][27] pigeon, and chicken feces. [24] In addition, pure cultures of enteric microorganisms such as Eubacterium sp., [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Clostridium perfringens, Bifidobacterium sp., Enterobacter aerogenes, [35] Escherichia coli, [35,36] Bacteroides sp. [37] have been used in order to study cholesterol metabolites.…”

Section: Dietary Sterols Biotransformation By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22,24,28,32,34,40] www.advancedsciencenews.com www.ejlst.com addition, coprostenol has been identified as an isomer of cholesterol, which by reduction (in positions 4 and 5) is transformed into coprostanol ( Figure 1, route V). [28,32] Since the 1970s, there has been controversy regarding which microorganisms metabolize cholesterol. In this regard, it has been suggested that different microorganisms catalyze cholesterol biotransformation into coprostanol through routes I and II (Figure 1), though it has not been specified which of them.…”

Section: Dietary Sterols Biotransformation By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review

Cuevas-Tena

Alegrı́a

Lagarda

2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Cholesterol intestinal absorption differs markedly from that of plant sterols; whereas the cholesterol absorption rate is high (30–60%) for total plant sterols it is low (2–3%). Non‐absorbed sterols reach the colon, where the microbiota interacts with them. Non‐absorbed cholesterol biotransformation has been widely studied by in vitro fermentation assays using gut microbiota from human feces and pure cultures of enteric microorganisms. A great variety of sterols and its metabolites have been detected, which allows establishing two pathways for cholesterol microbial degradation to coprostanol. However, biotransformation studies of plant sterols are scarce and its microbial transformation pathway remains to be fully clarified. Furthermore, the sterol contents in feces are highly variable among individuals, due to specific microbiota and especially dietary factors. However, no standardized methodology has been developed for sterols and their metabolites determination in feces. Studies on sterol excretion values, microbial transformation, and sterol determination methodology have been reviewed. Given that cholesterol metabolites can contribute to the development of colon cancer and that information about plant sterols biotransformation is scarce, this review contributes to improve the knowledge of the sterol implication in the gut microbiota and of PS impact in the colonic microbiota metabolization of cholesterol. Practical Applications: It has been suggested that the metabolites produced during the biotransformation of cholesterol have pro‐carcinogenic activity within colon. In addition, it has been indicated that the intake of high doses of plant sterols can attenuate or decrease this biotransformation. However, it is still unknown if the microbial metabolites of plant sterols have the same effect as those of animal origin. In order to shed light on the aforementioned aspects, all the information about the dietary sterols biotransformation and their impact on gut microbiota have been compiled. In addition, the sterols contents in feces and their methodologic analysis have also been reviewed. This review offers a broad view on the interaction between dietary sterols and gut microbiota, which can help to the better understand the relationship between microbiota and sterols for future research studies. This review presents the impact of dietary sterol on gut microbiota and microbial transformation of dietary sterols.

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Section: Dietary Sterols Biotransformation By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Dietary Sterols Biotransformation By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Sterols Biotransformation By Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review

Cuevas-Tena

Alegrı́a

Lagarda

2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…The changes of fecal neutral sterols, namely the disappearance of coprostanol, were observed in the feces in rats given the HSO diet (Table 4), suggesting a shift in enterobacteria, for example, a decrease in the population of bacteria such as Eubacterium having a specific enzyme that reduces cholesterol to coprostanol (27), although we did not perform bacteriological examinations.…”

Section: Table 4 Effects Of Dietary Pcbs and Highly Hydrogenated Soybmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly hydrogenated dietary soybean oil modifies the responses to polychlorinated biphenyls in rats

Kamei

Ohgaki

Kanbe

et al. 1996

Lipids

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The effects of dietary highly hydrogenated soybean oil (HSO) upon the changes caused by dietary polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were examined in rats. Six groups of rats were fed the following diets for 30 d: a 20% soybean oil-containing diet (control diet), a diet in which a half of soybean oil was substituted with HSO (HSO-A diet), a diet in which cellulose powder was replaced with HSO (HSO-B diet) and these diets supplemented with 100 ppm PCBs (control + PCBs, HSO-A + PCBs and HSO-B + PCBs diets). Hepatic concentration of PCBs and relative liver weight were markedly decreased in rats fed with the HSO-A + PCBs diet compared with those fed with the other diets containing PCBs. Liver lipids and liver cholesterol were considerably decreased with a reciprocal increase in fecal sterol excretion by rats fed the HSO-A + PCBs and the HSO-B + PCBs diets compared with those fed with the control + PCBs diet. The fatty acid composition in hepatic phospholipids showed an independent increase of the saturated fatty acid content induced by dietary HSO and PCBs. Dietary PCBs also caused decreases in the amounts of monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. These results suggest that dietary HSO prevents accumulation of PCBs in the liver and promotes the excretion of lipids stimulated by PCBs, accompanied by a change in fatty acid metabolism.

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“…Later, Mott et al (1980) further characterized cholesterol-reducing bacteria, including E. ATCC 21408 and E. 403, by conducting conventional biochemical tests and by testing different sterols and glycerolipids as potential growth factors. In media containing cholesterol and plasmenylethanolamine, the tests for nitrate reduction, indole production, and gelatin and starch hydrolyses were negative, and no acid was produced from any of 22 different carbohydrates.…”

Section: Cholesterol-reducing Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and application of a novel cholesterol-reducing anaerobe, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes ATCC 51222

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Biochemical characterization of cholesterol-reducing Eubacterium

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review

Relationship Between Dietary Sterols and Gut Microbiota: A Review

Highly hydrogenated dietary soybean oil modifies the responses to polychlorinated biphenyls in rats

Characterization and application of a novel cholesterol-reducing anaerobe, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes ATCC 51222

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