Biochemical Characterization of Different Chemical Components of Parthenium hysterophorus and Their Therapeutic Potential against HIV-1 RT and Microbial Growth

Jaiswal, Jyotsna; Doharey, Pawan Kumar; Singh, R. B.; Tiwari, Priyanka; Singh, Nitika; Kumar, Abhishek; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Siddiqui, Arif Jamal; Sharma, Bechan

doi:10.1155/2022/3892352

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…The UV-visible spectra of different concentrations of extracts were placed in a quartz cuvette and recorded from 190 to 750 nm by using the double-beam UV-visible spectrophotometer (model: Scientific Spectroscan UV2700, Thermo Fisher Scientific India Pvt. Ltd., Pune, India) [39,40]. The analysis of the absorption peaks was carried out and compared with the peaks of specific bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Analysis Of a Mexicana Extract Spectrophotometricallymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Biochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Bioactive Molecules of Argemone mexicana

et al. 2023

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This study identified phytochemicals in Argemone mexicana (A. mexicana) extracts that are responsible for its medicinal properties, and the best solvent for their extraction. The extracts of the stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits of A. mexicana were prepared at low (corresponding to room temperature) and high temperatures (corresponding to the boiling points) in various solvents, viz., hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and H2O. The UV-visible absorption spectra of various phytoconstituents in the isolated extracts were determined through spectrophotometry. Qualitative tests for the screening of phytoconstituents in the extracts were performed to identify various phytochemicals. We identified the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and carbohydrates in the plant extracts. The antioxidant and anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (anti-HIV-1RT) potential, as well as the antibacterial activity of various A. mexicana extracts were determined. These extracts showed strong antioxidant activities. The extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities against Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus epidermis, Citrobacter, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Shigella flexineri. These extracts significantly inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity. The aqueous leaf extract prepared at a temperature equivalent to the boiling point, i.e., 100 °C, was identified to be the most active against pathogenic bacteria and HIV-1 RT.

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Section: Analysis Of a Mexicana Extract Spectrophotometricallymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Biochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Bioactive Molecules of Argemone mexicana

et al. 2023

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Nutritional quality of photosynthetically diverse crops under future climates

Walsh,

Lundgren

2024

Plants People Planet

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SummarySocietal Impact StatementClimate change continues to intensify the challenges of food production as agricultural systems face more variable and extreme weather. Coupled with increasing human population, growers must balance increasing crop yields with nutrient content to prevent global malnutrition. Photosynthetic diversity may permit some crops to tolerate climate change and elevated CO2 whilst maintaining both crop yield quantity and quality. This review examines how photosynthetic diversity interacts with crop production and nutritional stability under elevated CO2 and climate change, and highlights opportunities for photosynthetic diversity to inspire agricultural solutions.SummaryInnovative agricultural solutions are desperately needed to achieve food security for a growing human population amidst the imminent pressures of climate change that threaten more variable and extreme weather, placing additional pressures on already precarious agricultural systems. Not only are crop yields at risk under climate change but rising global atmospheric CO2 concentrations are concurrently driving a carbon dilution effect that threatens to reduce the nutritional quality of our crops to further global malnutrition. Plants using different photosynthetic metabolisms, however, experience these negative impacts to yield and nutrition to different degrees. Thus, photosynthetic diversity may offer solutions to combat malnutrition under climate change and elevated CO2 concentrations, whether that be through targeting existing resilient species for agricultural programmes or applying agricultural biotechnology to engineer photosynthetic diversity into existing crops. Here, we discuss how each major photosynthetic type is predicted to fare under elevated CO2 concentrations and climate change and explore agricultural opportunities to maintain both yield and nutrient stability.

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Evolutionary implications of C2 photosynthesis: how complex biochemical trade-offs may limit C4 evolution

Walsh

Bräutigam

Roberts

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Botany

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The C2 carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) increases net CO2 assimilation by shuttling photorespiratory CO2 in the form of glycine from mesophyll to bundle sheath (BS) cells, where CO2 concentrates and can be re-assimilated. This glycine shuttle also releases NH3 and serine into the BS, and modelling studies suggest that this influx of NH3 may cause a nitrogen imbalance between the two cell types that selects for the C4 CCM. Here we provide an alternative hypothesis outlining mechanisms by which BS NH3 and serine play vital roles to not only influence the status of C2 plants along the C3 to C4 evolutionary trajectory, but also convey stress tolerance to these unique plants. Our hypothesis explains how an optimised BS nitrogen hub interacts with sulphur and carbon metabolisms to mitigate the effects of high photorespiratory conditions. While C2 photosynthesis is typically cited for its intermediary role in C4 photosynthesis evolution, our alternative hypothesis provides a mechanism to explain why many C2 lineages have not made this transition. We propose that stress resilience, coupled with open flux tricarboxylic acid and photorespiration pathways, conveys an advantage to C2 plants in fluctuating environments.

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Biochemical Characterization of Different Chemical Components of Parthenium hysterophorus and Their Therapeutic Potential against HIV-1 RT and Microbial Growth

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Analysis of Biochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Bioactive Molecules of Argemone mexicana

Analysis of Biochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Bioactive Molecules of Argemone mexicana

Nutritional quality of photosynthetically diverse crops under future climates

Evolutionary implications of C2 photosynthesis: how complex biochemical trade-offs may limit C4 evolution

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