Biochemical Composition and Cariogenicity of Dental Plaque Formed in the Presence of Sucrose or Glucose and Fructose

Cury, Jaime Aparecido; Rebelo, Maria Augusta Bessa; Cury, Altair Antoninha Del Bel; Derbyshire, M.T.V.C.; Tabchoury, Cínthia Pereira Machado

doi:10.1159/000016629

Cited by 270 publications

(441 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Among the dietary sugars, sucrose is considered as the most cariogenic (3) because, in addition to decreasing the pH of dental biofilm, it is the substrate for the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) (4), which may either promote bacterial adherence to tooth surface (5) during initial colonization or play a role in the cohesiveness of the bacterial communities in the biofilm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genotypic diversity of S. mutans in dental biofilm formed in situ under sugar stress exposure

et al. 2007

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In situ dental biofilm composition under sugar exposure is well known, but sugar effect on the genotypic diversity of S. mutans in dental biofilm has not been explored. This study evaluated S. mutans genotypic diversity in dental biofilm formed in situ under frequent exposure to sucrose and its monosaccharide constituents (glucose and fructose). Saliva of 7 volunteers was collected for isolation of S. mutans and the same volunteers wore intraoral palatal appliances, containing enamel slabs, which were submitted to the following treatments: distilled and deionized water (negative control), 10% glucose + 10% fructose (fermentable carbohydrates) solution or 20% sucrose (fermentable and EPS inductor) solution, 8x/day. After 3, 7 and 14 days, the biofilms were colleted and S. mutans colonies were isolated. Arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) of S. mutans showed that salivary genotypes were also detected in almost all biofilm samples, independently of the treatment, and seemed to reflect those genotypes present at higher proportion in biofilms. In addition to the salivary genotypes, others were found in biofilms but in lower proportions and were distinct among treatment. The data suggest that the in situ model seems to be useful to evaluate genotypic diversity of S. mutans, but, under the tested conditions, it was not possible to clearly show that specific genotypes were selected in the biofilm due to the stress induced by sucrose metabolism or simple fermentation of its monosaccharides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biochemical and microbiological composition of dental biofilm has been extensively studied using this model (4,(6)(7)(8)15). However, the genotypic diversity of S. mutans found in dental biofilm formed under exposure to different dietary sugars has not been evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic diversity of S. mutans in dental biofilm formed in situ under sugar stress exposure

et al. 2007

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“…SH and CSH were used as indicators of enamel demineralization because they are considered reliable methodologies to estimate enamel demineralization (19,20). There is also an association between enamel SH and CSH with white spot caries lesions (21).…”

Section: Enamel Demineralization Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fluoride Concentration on Reduction of Enamel Demineralization According to the Cariogenic Challenge

et al. 2016

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Fluoride present in toothpaste at 1,100 µg/g is considered effective on caries control. However, under high cariogenic challenge due to increasing sugar exposure, higher fluoride concentration (5,000 µg/g) could be necessary to compensate the unbalance on caries process. This was tested in a pH-cycling regimen, which evaluated the effect of fluoride concentration relative to toothpaste on reduction of enamel demineralization under conditions of two levels of cariogenic challenge. Enamel slabs (n=20) were subjected to two pH-cycling regimens, simulating 8x and 16x/day sugar exposure and were treated with solutions containing: 0 (no fluoride), 275 or 1,250 µg F/mL, resulting in 6 treatment groups: 4-h/0-F; 8-h/0-F; 4-h/275-F; 8-h/275-F; 4-h/1,250-F and 8-h/1,250-F. The 275 and 1,250 µg F/mL concentrations simulate mouth salivary dilution when 1,100 and 5,000 µg/g toothpastes are used. Enamel demineralization was assessed by surface (%SHL) and cross-sectional hardness. Fluoride taken up by enamel was also evaluated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA one-way and Tukey's test. The treatment with 1,250 µg F/mL significantly reduced %SHL compared with 275 µg F/mL (p<0.05), irrespective the level of cariogenic challenge (4-h/1,250-F vs. 4-h/275-F and 8-h/1,250-F vs 8-h/275-F comparisons, respectively). These data were supported by fluoride concentration found in enamel. These findings suggest that higher fluoride concentrations could partly compensate the greater caries risk under higher cariogenic challenge due to increasing sugar exposure.

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“…Each participant wore an acrylic palatal device. 17 In each phase, participants applied 2 drops of 20% sucrose solution, fermented milk 1, or fermented milk 2 on the enamel blocks 8 times a day. Five minutes after the application, the device was reinserted into the mouth.…”

Section: In Situ Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The participants were also instructed to remove the appliance while eating and performing oral hygiene procedures. 17 In addition, they were not allowed to use any antimicrobial or fluoride products during the experiment.…”

Section: In Situ Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of probiotic fermented milk on biofilms, oral microbiota, and enamel

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the effects of 2 brands of probiotic fermented milk on biofilms, oral microbiota, and enamel. For the in situ experiment, ten volunteers wore palatine devices containing four blocks of bovine dental enamel over 3 phases, during which 20% sucrose solution, Yakult ® (Treatment A), and Batavito ® (Treatment B) were dropped on the enamel blocks. Salivary microbial counts were obtained and biofilm samples were analyzed after each phase. For the in vivo experiment, the same ten volunteers drunk Yakult ® (Treatment C) and Batavito ® (Treatment D) in two phases. Saliva samples were collected for microbial analysis after each phase. The in situ study showed that in comparison with Treatment A, Treatment B resulted in fewer total cultivable anaerobes and facultative microorganisms in biofilms, higher final microhardness, lower percentage change in surface hardness, and smaller integrated subsurface enamel hardness. In the in vivo study, Treatment D resulted in a reduction in the counts of all microorganisms. The results suggested that the probiotic fermented milk Batavito ® , but not Yakult ® , reduced the amount of oral microorganisms and mineral loss in bovine enamel.

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Biochemical Composition and Cariogenicity of Dental Plaque Formed in the Presence of Sucrose or Glucose and Fructose

Cited by 270 publications

References 26 publications

Genotypic diversity of S. mutans in dental biofilm formed in situ under sugar stress exposure

Genotypic diversity of S. mutans in dental biofilm formed in situ under sugar stress exposure

Effect of Fluoride Concentration on Reduction of Enamel Demineralization According to the Cariogenic Challenge

Effects of probiotic fermented milk on biofilms, oral microbiota, and enamel

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