Biochemical Effects of Pesticides on Serum and Urinological System of Rats

Adeniran, Olawole Yakubu; Fafunso, M.; Adeyemi, O.; Lawal, A.; Ologundudu, A.; Omonkhua, Akhere

doi:10.3923/jas.2006.668.672

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In this study, although the level of AChE inhibitory activity (17.99%, mean of period 1 and 2) was markedly increased some blood indices such as Hb (9.66%, mean of period 1 and 2), RBC (12.45%), and MCHC (10.2%) were significantly decreased in ewes exposed to phosalone compared to the control group. These results are in line with different previous studies which indicated that the exposure to malathion and other pesticides cause to impel acute physiological and biochemical disorders in experimental animals, buffalo calves [86], goats [50], mice [63], cockerels [87], poultry [43], rabbits [101], and rats [2, 42]. Some of the harmful impacts of oxidative stress leading to the production of free radicals are due to the activity of a number of pesticides known as OP having a tendency to produce of oxidative stress [4].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep

et al. 2017

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BackgroundTransfer of pesticides from environment to animal products is inevitable, so the purpose of the present work was to evaluate phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite (SB) on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep.MethodsTwenty Baluchi ewes were divided into four treatments (P1 as control, P2, P3, and P4) of five animals in which phosalone, an organophosphate pesticide, was given via diet (only for P2 and P3) at a dose of 280 mg/sheep/day for 63 consecutive days. The SB (32 g/sheep/day; for P3 and P4) was also evaluated for its ability to reduce deleterious effects of phosalone in the sheep diets. The control group (P1) did not receive any phosalone and SB during the experiment. Sampling was conducted in two periods of time including weeks 5 and 9.ResultsPhosalone residues were observed in the milk samples of P2 and P3 groups during two sampling periods. During period 1, the transfer rate of phosalone from feed to milk was 0.23 and 0.02%, respectively for the contaminated diets (P2 and P3), which is relatively similar to period 2 (0.22 and 0.02%). Only 0.34 (period 1) and 0.36% (period 2) of phosalone residue are excreted in the feces of P2 group following its daily consumption. Transfer of phosalone from feed to milk was affected (P < 0.05) by the dietary inclusion of a commercial SB, as it (SB) decreased excretion of phosalone via milk (P3). The phosalone and SB alone or together had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the dry matter intake (DMI) and body weight (BW) gain, but feed efficiency, milk production, milk fat, dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), albumin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) affected by the treatments in period 1 or 2 (P < 0.05). The Hb, RBC, and MCHC were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) by about 9.72, 20.77, and 9.71%, respectively in the group P2 as compared to those of the control group during period 1. The AChE inhibitory activity (period 1 and 2) significantly increased when phosalone administered via the diet (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough there were no adverse effects on the performance of sheep following the intake of phosalone alone (P2 vs. P1), but other research on the long and short times to the phosalone in high and low doses with more animals is suggested. Overall, compared to the control group, addition of SB in the diet of sheep improved nutrient digestibility, animal performance, and milk health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep

et al. 2017

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“…(AST) increase in plasma is markedly myocardial infraction, while (ALT) increases in plasma are markedly liver cirrhosis due to hebatotoxicity causing permeability and leakage of lysosomal enzymes which enhanced the release of these enzymes. The findings presented above are similar to that reported by many authors (Shrivastava et al, 1991;Adeniran et al, 2006;Yousef et al, 2006;Eissa and Zidan, 2009;Abbassy and Mossa, 2012) who mentioned pesticides induced considerable changes in various biochemical markers in the serum of pesticidetreated rats, and serum total proteins were elevated under the effect of pesticides (Soliman et al, 1983). Farag et al (1994) stated that the herbicides glyphosate and fluazifop-butyl, when given orally to adult albino rats, raised blood total protein and blood glucose levels.…”

Section: Liver Function Parameterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Sub-Acute Toxicity of two Herbicides Halosulfuron-methyl and Clethodim on Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Male Albino Rats

Khozimy¹

2021

Journal of Applied Plant Protection

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On male albino rats, this study has evaluated the toxicity of halosulfuron-methyl and clethodim on their hepatic, haematological, and oxidative effects. For a period of 28 days, the animals were given either halosulfuronmethyl (886 and 1773 mg/kg) or clethodim (163 and 326 mg/kg body weight) herbicides orally. As a control treatment, distilled water was used. Hematological and biochemical markers, as well as body weight gain and organ weight, were all assessed. In general, all treated rats' bodyweight gain and relative testes weight were considerably lower when compared to the control treatments. Furthermore, the relative weights of the liver, kidneys, lungs, spleen, brain, and heart were recorded at various rising levels. At the ending of the procedure, blood samples were taken. Hepatic toxicity was measured using the blood enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), whereas renal toxicity was measured using urea and creatinine. Red blood corpuscles (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and hemoglobin were tested in the liver to detect oxidative damage and monitor changes in hematological parameters. Both herbicide treatments resulted in significant increases in the levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST). In male albino rats, hematological parameters indicated considerable changes, with decreases in RBC and hemoglobin and a large rise in WBC. The findings suggest that even at subacute exposure, halosulfuron-methyl and clethodim might cause hematological parameter changes, which might be linked to the production of reactive oxygen species.

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Physiological and Histopathological Investigations on the Effects of-Lipoic Acid in Rats Exposed to Malathion

Al-Attar¹

2010

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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The present study was designed to evaluate the influence of α-lipoic acid treatment in rats exposed to malathion. Forty adult male rats were used in this study and distributed into four groups. Animals of group 1 were untreated and served as control. Rats of group 2 were orally given malathion at a dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) for a period of one month. Experimental animals of group 3 were orally given α-lipoic acid at a dose level of 20 mg/kg BW and after 3 hours exposed to malathion at the same dose given to group 2. Rats of group 4 were supplemented with α-lipoic acid at the same dose given to group 3. The activities of serum glutamic oxaloacetic acid transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic acid transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and acid phosphatase (ACP), and the values of creatinine, urea, and uric acid were statistically increased, while the values of total protein and total albumin were significantly decreased in rats exposed to malathion. Moreover, administration of malathion for one month resulted in damage of liver and kidney structures. Administration of α-lipoic acid before malathion exposure to rat can prevent severe alterations of hematobiochemical parameters and disruptions of liver and kidney structures. In conclusion, this study obviously demonstrated that pretreatment with α-lipoic acid significantly attenuated the physiological and histopathological alterations induced by malathion. Also, the present study identifies new areas of research for development of better therapeutic agents for liver, kidney, and other organs' dysfunctions and diseases.

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Biochemical Effects of Pesticides on Serum and Urinological System of Rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep

Effects of phosalone consumption via feeding with or without sodium bentonite on performance, blood metabolites and its transition to milk of Iranian Baluchi sheep

Sub-Acute Toxicity of two Herbicides Halosulfuron-methyl and Clethodim on Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Male Albino Rats

Physiological and Histopathological Investigations on the Effects of-Lipoic Acid in Rats Exposed to Malathion

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