Biochemical Effects of Some Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors on Pro-B Cells-Induced Apoptosis

Abstract

The present studies aimed the effects of tyrphostin AG 494 and tyrphostin AG 1295 on apoptosis of mouse pro-B lymphocytes. The actual scientific literature lacks such data. Tyrphostin AG 494 is an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor pathways and tyrphostin AG 1295 is an inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor receptor pathways. Our obtained data demonstrated that tyrphostin AG 1295 was less effective in preventing the apoptosis of murine pro-B cells, triggered by the combination of Cytoporone B (NR4A1 agonist) and Cyclosporine A. In contrast, tyrphostin AG 494 had a stronger inhibitory effect on the apoptosis of the same cells, when administered for 24 hours. Thus, when blocking the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor pathways, the inductive apoptotic effects of Cytoporone B and Cyclosporine A are reduced. Thus, we could conclude that such inhibition will increase the resistance to apoptosis of pro-B cells. Thus, such a resistance to apoptosis could be experimentally acquired by hematopoietic cells.

Drug-Loaded Polymeric Particulated Systems for Ophthalmic Drugs Release

“…According to the literature data, stable emulsions involve particle sizes below the limit of 500 nm and the PDI below the value of 0.3 [ 44 , 45 ]. The prepared particles in this study have dimensions under 300 nm and the zeta potential can be varied from negative to positive one, based on the anionic/cationic character of the core emulsion and the polymers added on the surface: hyaluronic acid-negative one and chitosan-positive one.…”

“…Based on reaction time, an irritation score (IS) is calculated (Table 2). The time (s) of onset was noted for each of the irritating effects (hemorrhage, hyperemia and coagulation) [76] and the irritation potential (IS) was calculated using the following Equation (45) [77,78]:…”

Apoptosis of pro-B lymphocytes induced by NR4A1 activation in the presence of gingival fibroblast exosomes and TNFα, caspase 8, STAT3, and Akt pathways modulators

“…For the complete development of the experimental plan, another cell line, pro-B lymphocyte type, dependent on interleukin (IL)-1, was used. For the multiplication of these cells in culture, Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium was used, also supplemented with L-Glutamine, Penicillin, and Streptomycin (antibiotics), decomplemented 10% FBS, and, last but not least, 5% CO2 (but also 37oC) [ 9 ]. A series of preliminary studies demonstrated that this cell line was surface positive for calnexin, but not for CD19-type molecules, thus proving that they did not belong to pre-B lymphocyte cell lines (flow cytometry).…”

“…A series of preliminary studies demonstrated that this cell line was surface positive for calnexin, but not for CD19-type molecules, thus proving that they did not belong to pre-B lymphocyte cell lines (flow cytometry). The viability of pro-B lymphocytes, when exosomes derived from gingival fibroblasts were present (exosomes+) or absent (exosomes-) from the culture medium of this cell type, was quantified using Trypan Blue (0.2%) and phase contrast microscopy (Nikon Eclipse TE300) [ 9 ]. In order to experimentally evaluate the apoptosis of pro-B type lymphocytes, induced as a result of the known activation of NR4A1-type orphan receptors [10 μM Cytosporone B (Csn-B)], in the presence or absence of exosomes derived from gingival fibroblasts, we administered as a treatment: 1 μM R-7050 [functional inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)], 1 μM Z-IETD-FMK (functional inhibitor of caspase 8), 1 μM GSK690693 (functional inhibitor of Akt 1/2/3 pathways) and, last but not least, 1 μM scutellarin [functional inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)] and therefore of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway.…”

Biochemical Interactions Between Angiotensin II and Apelin in Isolated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

“…All experimental studies were performed in the light of the uniformly accepted ethical principles stated by the Helsinki Declaration [25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”