Biochemical factors associated with cassava resistance to whitefly infestation

Mwila, Natasha; Rubaihayo, S; Kyamanywa, Samuel; Odong, Thomas; Nuwamanya, Ephraim; Mwala, M.; Agbahoungba, Symphorien; Badji, Arfang

doi:10.4314/acsj.v25i3.9

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The phenols are directly toxic to the insects and/or act as feeding deterrents (Chu et al, 2017). These effects were also reported by Mwila et al (2017),who showed the phenolic compounds to constitute a diverse group of plant secondary metabolites involved in plant defense against insect pests. The phenolics containan a stringent (mouth puckering) and bitter taste that deters insect pests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Dark green leaf cultivars have higher phenolic content and thickness of the leaves, which may be the resistance mechanism playing a major role in relation to B. tabaci performance and behaviour (Shibuya et al, 2010). Phenols are plant secondary metabolites involved in plant defense against insects such as B. tabaci (Mwila et al, 2017). The phenols are directly toxic to the insects and/or act as feeding deterrents (Chu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whitefly resistance in African cassava genotypes

Gwandu¹,

Ochwo-Ssemakula²,

Sseruwagi³

2019

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), a major pest and vector of viruses in cassava, is the greatest current threat to cassava production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Research efforts have focused on management of the two viral diseases: cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), and have ignored the whitefly vector that is driving the spread of the viruses, causing CMD and CBSD in SSA. The objective of this study was to evaluate cassava genotypes for resistance to B. tabaci based on field infestation and damage in Uganda. The study was carried out in four sites with diverse agroecologies including: Namulonge, Kasese, Ngetta and Serere during 2015 and 2016.Whitefly nymph abundance and feeding damage were assessed on each test genotype from 3 to 6 months after planting (MAP). In 2015, the highest broad sense heritability estimates were 39% (4 MAP) and 53% (5 MAP) for whitefly nymph abundance and feeding damage, respectively. In 2016, broad sense heritability estimates were 23% (3 MAP) and 41% (4 MAP) for whitefly nymph abundance and feeding damage, respectively.Analysis of variance of whitefly nymph abundance showed a significant (P< 0.05) location × genotype × season interactions at 3, 4, 5 and 6 MAP. There were also significant (P< 0.05) location × genotype × season interactions at 3 and 4 MAP for whitefly feeding damage. Ten genotypes showed good levels of resistance to whitefly infestation and feeding damage including: UG120202, UG120174, NASE13, UG120160, UG120286, UG120293, UG130075, CSI-142, CS1-144 and UG130085. These genotypes may serve as parental materials for breeding programmes for whitefly and viral disease control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whitefly resistance in African cassava genotypes

Gwandu¹,

Ochwo-Ssemakula²,

Sseruwagi³

2019

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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“…A standard protocol [49] was followed with slight modifications [15]. A leaf sample weighing 50 mg was homogenized with 2 ml of 0.1M ice cold phosphate buffer at a pH =7.5.…”

Section: Total Flavonoid Content Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is suggested that plant resistance to B. tabaci is a complex trait, in which several metabolites [10] and genes [11,12] are involved. Metabolites such as salicylic acid (SA), peroxidases and phenolics, [13] have been associated with plant resistance to B. tabaci in tomato [10], cotton [14], and cassava [15]. Salicylic acid is reported as a plant defence response to B. tabaci [16] with metabolites such as peroxidases and phenolics associated to the SA pathway [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Action of Cassava Resistance Metabolites to Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)

Mwila

Odong

Nuwamanya

et al. 2018

BJI

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“…Since the raise and spread of African cassava whitefly superabundant populations, the development of improved cassava varieties possessing virus and whitefly resistance has constituted one of the core milestones of national breeding programs in Sub-Saharan African countries and international consortiums [8,11,12]. Efforts in finding natural sources of African whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) resistance have been focused on collections of local landraces and advanced lines originally developed for virus resistance [13][14][15][16][17] with the intention of pyramiding both disease and vector resistance into farmer-preferred varieties adapted to local agroecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabotyping of an East African cassava diversity panel: A core collection for developing biotic stress tolerance in cassava

et al. 2020

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Cassava will have a vital role to play, if food security is to be achieved in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially Central and East Africa. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci poses a major threat to cassava production by small holder farmers in part due to their role as a vector of cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) and cassava brown streak ipomoviruses (CBSIs). In the present study untargeted metabolomics has been used as a tool to assess natural variation, similarities and attempts to identify trait differentiators among an East African cassava diversity panel that displayed tolerance/resistance to the effects of Bemisia tabaci infestation. The metabolome captured, was represented by 1529 unique chemical features per accession. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified a 23% variation across the panel, with geographical origin/adaption the most influential classification factors. Separation based on resistance and susceptible traits to Bemisia tabaci could also be observed within the data and was corroborated by genotyping data. Thus the metabolomics pipeline represented an effective metabotyping approach. Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) of both the metabolomics and genotyping data was performed and revealed a high level of similarity between accessions. Specific differentiating features/metabolites were identified, including those potentially conferring vigour to whitefly tolerance on a constitutive manner. The implications of using these cassava varieties as parental breeding material and the future potential of incorporating more exotic donor material is discussed.

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Biochemical factors associated with cassava resistance to whitefly infestation

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Whitefly resistance in African cassava genotypes

Whitefly resistance in African cassava genotypes

Gene Action of Cassava Resistance Metabolites to Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)

The metabotyping of an East African cassava diversity panel: A core collection for developing biotic stress tolerance in cassava

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