Biochemical markers in menopausal women

Griesmacher, Andrea; Peichl, P.; P, Pointinger; Mateau, R; Bröll, H; Hartl, W; Gruber, W.

doi:10.1080/00365519709168309

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The increased levels of osteocalcin in the post menopausal group are attributed to an oestrogen deficiency, a finding which correlates to those of similar studies [9], which indicate a clear correlation between the oestrogen deficiency and the raised osteocalcin levels. The decresed oestrogen concentrations at the menopausal ages lead to a lower intestinal absorption of calcium, resulting in low serum calcium concentrations and an increased osteoclastic resorption of the bone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The Association of Serum Osteocalcin with the Bone Mineral Density in Post Menopausal Women

Ramesh²,

Venkatesan³

2013

JCDR

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Background: The markers of bone remodelling, such as serum osteocalcin, may be used to assess osteoporosis and to predict the fracture risk in elderly persons, especially in women. The bone mineral density which reflects the bone mass and strength, also predicts osteoporotic related hip fractures. So, this work highlights the association between the bone turnover and the bone mass and strength. Aim:To assess the association between the biochemical markers of bone remodeling and osteocalcin with the bone mineral density in non osteoporotic and osteoporotic women among post menopausal subjects. Materials and Methods:Sixty postmenopausal women whose ages ranged from 55-65 years included in this study, were further divided into group 1 (thirty non osteoporotic subjects) and group 2 (thirty osteoporotic subjects). For all the subjects, serum osteocalcin was measured by ELISA. BMD was measured by the Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan.The women with osteoporosis were diagnosed, based on the T-score of the bone mineral density, by the DXA scan. The Student's "t" test was performed between the variables of both the groups and a correlation test was also performed between osteocalcin and BMD by using SPSS.Results: A negative correlation was found between the osteocalcin level and the bone mineral density in post menopausal women. The mean values of both serum osteocalcin and BMD between the osteoporotic and the non osteoporotic subjects were statistically significant. Conclusion:An increased bone turnover coincides with the trabecular deterioration in osteoporotic women of the post menopausal age group. A combination of biochemical markers and BMD may be a better predictor of the fracture risk than when it was assessed by either alone. The biochemical markers of the bone turnover cannot be a substitute for the serial BMD measurement, but they may be useful when they are considered in conjunction with the BMD measurement.KalaiSelvi vS, Prabhu K, Mani raMeSh, vathSala venKateSan InTROduCTIOnAccording to the WHO , osteoporosis is a disease which is characterized by a low bone mass and a microarchitectural deterioration of the bone tissue, which lead to an enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in the fracture sites. There are two forms of osteoporosis, based on whether the disease is primary or secondary to other identifiable medical conditions or treatment. Primary osteoporosis can be classified into two types, based on the uncoupling defects which are seen in the remodeling unit. Type 1 (postmenopausal) osteoporosis is caused by an acceleration in the bone turnover as a result of hormonal deprivation. Although the entire remodeling unit is activated by oestrogen deprivation, the bone resorption exceeds the bone formation because of the time constraints on the osteoblastic activity, ultimately resulting in bone loss. In type 2 or senile osteoporosis, the osteoblastic activity for forming new bone is impaired, even though the resorption is either normal or enhanced, resulting in a chronic imbalan...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The Association of Serum Osteocalcin with the Bone Mineral Density in Post Menopausal Women

Ramesh²,

Venkatesan³

2013

JCDR

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“…It has recently been shown that the changes in bone turnover in premenopausal and peri-menopausal women may be regulated by inhibins, particulary inhibin A, independently of follicle-stimulating hormone and oestrogen levels ( 12 ) . Once the oestradiol levels decrease, markers of bone resorption and formation increase ( 13 ) .…”

Section: Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of bone health and osteoporosis risk

2008

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The assay features of biochemical markers of bone turnover have markedly improved in the past few years. The most sensitive and specific markers of bone formation include serum bone alkaline phosphatase, total osteocalcin (including the intact molecule and the large N-mid fragment) and the procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide assay. Among the various markers of bone resorption, measurements of the urinary excretion of N-and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides) and of serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides are the most sensitive and specific. Markers of bone turnover can be used to predict the rate of bone loss in postmenopausal women and can also be used to assess the risk of fractures. In osteoporosistreatment studies (with alendronate, risedronate, raloxifene) markers of bone turnover appear even more strongly associated with fracture risk reduction than bone mineral density (BMD). These observations support the use of markers of bone turnover as surrogates for fracture risk reduction, perhaps even more so than BMD. Bone markers can also be used to monitor the efficacy of antiresorptive therapy such as hormone-replacement therapy, raloxifene and bisphosphonates in individual patients. Furthermore, they have also proved to be helpful in monitoring the response to nutritional interventions and have the advantage over BMD in that they provide information about mechanism of effect and changes are often observed much more rapidly.Bone turnover markers: Bone mineral density: Bone health: Osteoporosis Osteoporotic fractures have a considerable impact on the individual and on health economics. There is a substantial increase in mortality and morbidity, particularly after a hip fracture; 10-20 % more women die subsequent to a hip fracture than would be expected for their age, and for those who survive £ 50% cease to be able to live independently (1) . In health economic terms it is estimated that there are >160 000 osteoporotic fractures per year in the UK alone, which cost the National Health Service £1 . 7 · 10 9 . Antiresorptive therapies are now available that have been shown to rapidly reduce fracture incidence even in elderly women (2)(3)(4)(5) . However, in developing a fracture prevention strategy it is important to be able to identify those women at greatest risk of a fracture.It is now well established that fracture risk is higher in women with low bone mineral density (BMD), with a decrease of 1 SD in BMD leading to a doubling of the risk of fracture (6) . However, there are numerous other risk factors for osteoporotic fractures and a WHO working party has been developing an approach for the estimation of 10-year fracture risk based on these factors (7) . Recently, attention has turned to the role of biochemical markers of bone turnover as predictors of fracture. Bone turnover may predict fracture in two ways: (a) via BMD, since high bone turnover is associated with low BMD (8) ; (b) independently of BMD, since increased bone turnover has a detrimental effect on bone microarchitecture and fragility ...

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Genetic variants of vitamin D, estrogen α, parathyroid and collagen type I alpha receptor gene and its influence on circulating serum osteocalcin in postmenopausal osteoporosis: A cohort study

Freeman,

Tennyson,

Priscilla

2024

Nucleus

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Introduction: Osteocalcin is an abundant, highly conserved bone speci c protein and the serum levels of OC have been used as a biochemical marker of bone turnover. The genetic variation of certain candidate genes impacts osteocalcin levels in the postmenopausal period and may predispose some women to high bone turnover. To identify the genes in uencing variation in serum OC levels, we investigated the polymorphisms of Vitamin D, Estrogen α, Parathyroid and Collagen Type I alpha Receptor genes and its association with bone turnover evaluated by serum osteocalcin in postmenopausal women from south India.Materials and Methods: The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism strategy was used to detect the polymorphisms at all the four gene receptors (i.e., for VDR, ERα, PTH and COLIA1) in 300 postmenopausal women from South India. Serum osteocalcin levels were measured by immunoassay (ELISA).Results: The serum osteocalcin levels for the Apa I polymorphisms showed varied results, in which, subjects in the control group with "GG" genotype and the osteopenic group with "TT" genotype of the ApaI polymorphism had a signi cantly higher serum osteocalcin concentration (p<0.05). The PTH-AA group in controls had a signi cantly higher level of serum osteocalcin, this suggests a higher state of bone turnover in the AA genotype. Conclusion:The outcome of this study proposes the probability of a small impact of the VDR-ApaI (GG) genotype, the VDR-TaqI (TT) genotype and the (AA) genotype of the PTH-BstBI polymorphism indicating a higher rate of bone turnover in the healthy postmenopausal women.

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Biochemical markers in menopausal women

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

The Association of Serum Osteocalcin with the Bone Mineral Density in Post Menopausal Women

The Association of Serum Osteocalcin with the Bone Mineral Density in Post Menopausal Women

Biomarkers of bone health and osteoporosis risk

Genetic variants of vitamin D, estrogen α, parathyroid and collagen type I alpha receptor gene and its influence on circulating serum osteocalcin in postmenopausal osteoporosis: A cohort study

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