Biochemical responses and oxidative stress in Francisella tularensis infection: a European brown hare model

Banďouchová, Hana; Pohanka, Miroslav; Vlčková, Kristina; Damková, Veronika; Pecková, Lucie; Sedláčková, Jana; Treml, F.; Vitula, F.; Pikula, Jiří

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-53-2

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In a natural outbreak of tularaemia in brown hares in France, all eight hares involved presented splenomegaly, congestion and haemorrhagic lesions of several organs, tracheitis and bronchitis [65]. A similar study carried out in Hungary on European brown hares naturally infected with F. tularensis subspecies holarctica also showed very similar results [47].…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…In nature, F. tularensis has been detected in a high number of wild species including lagomorphs, rodents, insectivores, carnivores, ungulates, marsupials, birds, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates [6,22,27,39,[46][47][48].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of F Tularensismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lagomorphs and rodents are considered as the main reservoirs of F. tularensis [6,22,46]. Wild lagomorphs, such as the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus), are thought to be suitable sentinels for F. tularensis and disease surveillance [46,47]. Recently, there have been serological evidences that foxes and raccoon dogs could also act as biological indicators for tularaemia [48].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of F Tularensismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tularaemia: A challenging zoonosis

Carvalho

Zé-Zé

et al. 2014

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

109

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a b s t r a c tIn recent years, several emerging zoonotic vector-borne infections with potential impact on human health have been identified in Europe, including tularaemia, caused by Francisella tularensis. This remarkable pathogen, one of the most virulent microorganisms currently known, has been detected in increasingly new settings and in a wide range of wild species, including lagomorphs, rodents, carnivores, fish and invertebrate arthropods. Also, a renewed concern has arisen with regard to F. tularensis: its potential use by bioterrorists. Based on the information published concerning the latest outbreaks, the aim of this paper is to review the main features of the agent, its biology, immunology and epidemiology. Moreover, special focus will be given to zoonotic aspects of the disease, as tularaemia outbreaks in human populations have been frequently associated with disease in animals.

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Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Epidemiology Of F Tularensismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of F Tularensismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tularaemia: A challenging zoonosis

Carvalho

Zé-Zé

et al. 2014

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

109

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“…In an analysis of the mortality of 2269 wild brown hares in the Czech Republic, it was found that dietary, parasitic, infectious, toxic, and traumatic factors were responsible for 25%, 25%, 30%, 10%, and 10% of deaths, respectively (Sterba 1982). Brown hares host a broad spectrum of parasites that are of great interest to both hunting ground managers and veterinarians and they are considered important sources of zoonotic agents Bandouchova et al 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasite load of European brown hares in Austria and the Czech Republic

Chroust¹,

Vodňanský²,

Pikula³

2012

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The parasite load of brown hares (Lepus europaeus) is of great interest to hunting ground managers and veterinarians. We compared the prevalence and intensity of parasitic infections in 362 hares from Austria and the Czech Republic with respect to age and body weight. Samples of the entire gastrointestinal tract, liver and lungs were collected during autumn hunting events in 2007. The parasite spectrum of hares included Protostrongylus pulmonalis, Graphidium strigosum, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, Trichuris leporis, Eimeria spp. and tapeworms. The most prevalent gastrointestinal nematode was Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, while only individual specimens of tapeworms such as Andrya rhopalocephala, Mosgovoyia pectinata, Cittotaenia denticulata and Ctenotaenia ctenoides were found in subadult hares. A single hare was infected with Cysticercus pisiformis in Austria. Lungworms Protostrongylus pulmonalis and findings of pneumonia were significantly less prevalent in subadult than adult hares (P < 0.01) from both countries and were much less prevalent overall in the Czech Republic (P < 0.01). Graphidium strigosum, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, Eimeria spp. and enteritis were more prevalent in subadult hares. The nematode Trichuris leporis, on the other hand, prevailed in adults. The body weight of adult hares was negatively correlated with the intensity of infection by Protostrongylus pulmonalis (r = -0.67) and Trichostrongylus retortaeformis (r = -0.73) and the parasite loads served as significant weight predictors in multiple regression equations. This study revealed that parasitic infections of the lungs and intestines influences the health and decreases the body weight of hares in Austrian and Czech hunting grounds.

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“…The Japanese hare is a nocturnal herbivore, residing solely in a simple shelter with a home range that is much wider than those of rabbits or small rodents (22). The incubation period of tularemia in hares would be 1 to 10 days (23). Thus, it is difficult to elucidate when and where this Japanese hare was infected with F. tularensis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of <i>Francisella tularensis</i> in Wild Animals in Japan in Areas Where Tularemia is Endemic

et al. 2016

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SUMMARY: Samples taken from 428 wild animals and 126 ticks, collected from a tularemia-endemic area in Japan between 2005 and 2013, were analyzed for the presence of Francisella tularensis. F. tularensis was isolated from a Japanese hare carcass whereas the samples from live animals and ticks were negative for F. tularensis by real-time PCR. Our results suggest that F. tularensis is still present in Japan although its prevalence is considerably low even in areas where tularemia is endemic.Francisella tularensis is the etiological agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia. It has a very wide host range including mammals, birds, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates (1), and is able to remain infectious in water and mud for months (2). Tularemia is endemic in many regions of the Northern hemisphere, and in Europe, it has reemerged in several countries including Germany (3), Kosovo (4), and Turkey (5). In these countries, certain rodent species and lagomorphs are of paramount importance for maintaining enzootic foci (6) and a high rodent population is thought to trigger the outbreaks in humans (4). In Japan, tularemia is endemic in Tohoku district, the northeastern area of the largest-island, Honshu, and approximately 1,400 cases of human tularemia have been reported since 1924 (7). F. tularensis has been isolated from human patients, Japanese hares, a Japanese shrew-mole, and ticks (8). Four of the 5 patients diagnosed with tularemia in 2008 acquired the infection from Japanese hares (9). Although several other animal species have also been implicated as the source of infection (7), the epizootic transmission cycle of F. tularensis is yet to be understood. Our previous studies showed that wild animals that tested positive for antibodies to F. tularensis were exclusively found within an area in Japan where tularemia is endemic (10,11). In order to better understand how this zoonotic pathogen is maintained in nature, identification of wild animals harboring infectious bacteria is necessary. In this study, we attempted to determine the prevalence of F. tularensis in wild animals and ticks, through the detection of F. tularensis-specific nucleic acid, in an area of Japan where tularemia is endemic.Samples were collected in Nikaho city (Akita prefecture), Namie town (Fukushima prefecture), and Yokohama town (Aomori prefecture) (Fig. 1). The former 2 are located in the major areas where tularemia has been endemic historically (7), and the latter lies within a 1.5-km radius from the point where an F. tularensis infected Japanese hare was found in May 2008 (12). In Akita, 50 Japanese hares (Lepus brachyurus) were shot by volunteer hunters during the hunting season in 2006, 2008, and 2009 (Table 1). The livers and/or spleens of hares were sampled and subsequently sent to the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID) under refrigeration. A Japanese hare incidentally found dead by a volunteer hunter was also sent to the NIID in accordance with the safe transport guidelines stipulated by the institute. A total of 181 sp...

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Biochemical responses and oxidative stress in Francisella tularensis infection: a European brown hare model

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Tularaemia: A challenging zoonosis

Tularaemia: A challenging zoonosis

Parasite load of European brown hares in Austria and the Czech Republic

Survey of <i>Francisella tularensis</i> in Wild Animals in Japan in Areas Where Tularemia is Endemic

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