Biochemical Status of Cows of the Interlactation Period Relative to Polymorphic Variants of the Scd1 Gene and Reproductive Performance

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to analyze the dynamics of the biochemical parameters of blood in the interlactation (dry) period in connection with the duration of the service period in the subsequent lactation in cows with different genotypes of the SCD1 gene according to rs41255693. The studies were carried out on Holstein cows with an average milk yield of 9807 ± 606 kg for 305 days of lactation. Animal genotypes (n = 23) were determined by PCR-RFLP: CC genotype (n = 9) and CT genotype (n = 14). Blood biochemical parameters were analyzed with an interval in the calving date of no more than 20 days: the CC genotype (n = 6) and CT genotype (n = 6). In cows with the CC genotype in the first month of the dry period, the concentration of total cholesterol in the blood was higher (p < 0.05), and AST activity tended to increase (p = 0.08) as compared with animals with the CT genotype. 30–10 days before calving, the total cholesterol content and AST activity in cows decreased (p < 0.05 and p = 0.055, respectively), while in animals with the CT genotype they did not change. Correlation analysis showed that the nu mber of correlation links was three times lower in cows with the CC genotype. The service period of more than 100 days is observed 2.3 times more frequent in cows with the genotype CC. The dynamics of metabolic processes and the peculiarities of the relationships between metabolic components in cows with the CC genotype are less optimal than in animals with the CT genotype, which may be associated with an increased frequency of a longer service period in cows with the CC genotype.