Biochemistry and biomedicine of quantum dots: from biodetection to bioimaging, drug discovery, diagnostics, and therapy

Smart Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Application: Development of Versatile Nanocarrier Platforms in Biotechnology and Nanomedicine

“…Finally, to actively target a tumor site, various ligands, such as peptides, folate, and large proteins (monoclonal antibodies), can be grafted on the QD surface ( Figure 12). This possibility stimulates an increasing interest in the development of nanotheranostic platforms for simultaneous sensing, imaging, and therapy [138].…”

Creating and screening natural product libraries

“…115,142 A recent iteration on bead based biophysical assays is the use of quantum dots in place of microbeads, these dots can function in the same manner as microbeads, but are smaller, allowing for further assay miniaturization, and have been found to be more "tunable" to wavelengths that are red shied and less likely to suffer from interference from natural products. 163,164 Their small size necessitates the use of laser induced uorescence (LIF) which, while an exciting technological innovation, has yet to reach peak commercialization.…”

Application of Zero-Dimensional Nanomaterials in Biosensing

“…Up to now, various 0D nanomaterials have been extensively explored. For instance, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) (Qian et al, 2014;Lu et al, 2018;Yan et al, 2019), carbon quantum dots (CQDs) (Zheng et al, 2015;Li et al, 2018b;Pandit et al, 2019), fullerenes (Barberis et al, 2015;, inorganic quantum dots (QDs) (Freeman et al, 2012;Li et al, 2018a;Robidillo et al, 2019), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) (Yu et al, 2017;Bragina et al, 2019), noble metal nanoparticles (Yang C. T. et al, 2016;Jain and Chauhan, 2017;Bagheri et al, 2018), upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) (Cheng Z. H. et al, 2019;Gu et al, 2019) and polymer dots (Pdots) (Ou et al, 2019; are all representative 0D nanomaterials with potential applications in materials science (Zhang X. et al, 2014), photovoltaic science (Guo et al, 2010), catalysis (Xu et al, 2015), energy (Guldi and Sgobba, 2011), sensing (Ramanathan et al, 2019), biomedicine (Yao et al, 2018) and nanodevices (Zhang Y. et al, 2014).…”

“…B. et al, 2019;Sondhi et al, 2020). With such novel properties as optical stability, wavelength-dependent photoluminescence, chemical inertness, cellular permeability and biocompatibility, 0D nanomaterials offer great adaptability to biomedical applications such as nanomedicine, cosmetics, bioelectronics, biosensor and biochip (Koh and Josephson, 2009;Yao et al, 2018). Biosensor is considered as a reliable and usually portable tool for the rapid and cost-effective determination of analytes including biomolecules, antigens, proteins, biotoxins, DNA, viruses, bacteria and others.…”