Biochemistry and Physiology of the Neutrophil

Edwards, Steven W.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511608421

Cited by 145 publications

(166 citation statements)

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“…Results indicate a key implication for Ca 2+ -dependent type IV cPLA 2 and the constitutive presence of microsomal PGE 2 synthase in these cells. distributed in 1 ml aliquots, in Minisorp tubes to minimize adhesion, and incubated at 37 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Characterization of prostaglandin E2 generation through the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 pathway in human neutrophils

St-Onge

Flamand

Biarc

et al. 2007

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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In the present study, we characterized the generation of prostaglandin (PG)E 2 in human neutrophils. We found that the Ca 2+ -dependent type IV cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (cPLA 2 ) was pivotally involved in the COX-2-mediated generation of PGE 2 in response to a calcium ionophore, as determined by the use of selected PLA 2 inhibitors. PGE 2 biosynthesis elicited by bacterialderived peptides or by phagocytic stimuli acting on cell surface receptors also showed to be dependent on cPLA 2 activity. We then assessed metabolism of unesterified arachidonic acid (AA), and observed that PGE 2 production becomes favored over that of LTB 4 with higher AA concentrations. Withdrawal of calcium prevented the generation of PGE 2 in response to a calcium ionophore but did not affect the up-regulation of COX-2 or its capacity to convert AA, thus limiting its implication at the level of cPLA 2 activation. Of the main eicosanoids produced by neutrophils, only LTB 4 was able to up-regulate COX-2 expression. Finally, the only PGE synthase isoform found in neutrophils is microsomal PGE synthase-1; it co-localized with COX-2 and its expression appeared mainly constitutive. These results highlight key differences in regulatory processes of the 5-LO and COX pathways, and enhance our knowledge at several levels in the PGE 2 biosynthesis in neutrophils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Characterization of prostaglandin E2 generation through the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 pathway in human neutrophils

St-Onge

Flamand

Biarc

et al. 2007

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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“…Lymphocytes lacking NADPH-oxidase can be neglected [5]. Malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator for oxidative membrane damage [12,131 was measured with the Bioxytech LPO-586 kit, (Oxis, Portland, OR, USA).…”

Section: Pmn Functional Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neopterin, an indicator for macrophage activation, was measured in urine by an HPLC-method [15], sICAM-1, a soluble endothelial ligand for PMN integrins, and sVCAM-1, a soluble endothelial ligand for monocyte and lymphocyte adhesins (reviewed by [6,20]), were both measured with the ICAM and VCAM ELISA, R&D Systems (MN, USA). PMN elastase, MDA, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were measured in EDTA plasma, harvested within 1 h after puncture from blood cooled to 4 "C. The plasma samples were stored at -80 "C until measurements were carried out.…”

Section: Monocyte and Endothelium Functional Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions as predictive markers for infections after organ transplantation

Egger¹,

Burda²,

Hengster³

et al. 2000

Transplant International

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“…This assumption is based on the fact that electron microscopy usually fails to identify intact mitochondria, and any that are seen are small with poorly defined cristae and inner mitochondrial membrane definition (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Furthermore, it is established that neutrophils rely heavily on glycolysis for their energy production (8), and rates of mitochondrial respiration are very low.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Mitochondrial Network of Human Neutrophils: Role in Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis, Respiratory Burst Activation, and Commitment to Apoptosis

Fossati

Moulding

Spiller

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

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314

251

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It is commonly assumed that human neutrophils possess few, if any, functional mitochondria and that they do not depend on these organelles for cell function. We have used the fluorescent mitochondrial indicators, JC-1, MitoTracker Red, and dihydrorhodamine 123 to show that live neutrophils possess a complex mitochondrial network that extends through the cytoplasm. The membrane potential of these mitochondria was rapidly (within 2 min) disrupted by the addition of FCCP (IC50 = 20 nM), but not by the Fo-ATPase inhibitor, oligomycin (at up to 7 μg/ml). However, inhibition of mitochondrial function with both agents resulted in cell shape changes. Neither activation of the respiratory burst nor phagocytosis of either latex particles or serum-opsonized Staphylococcus aureus was affected by the addition of FCCP or oligomycin. However, FCCP inhibited chemotaxis at concentrations that paralleled disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, prolonged (2-h) incubation with oligomycin resulted in an impaired ability to activate a respiratory burst and also inhibited chemotaxis. These observations indicate that intact mitochondrial function is required to sustain some neutrophil functions, but not for the rapid initiation of the respiratory burst or phagocytosis. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was a very early marker for commitment of neutrophils into apoptosis and preceded the appearance of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface. However, inhibition of mitochondrial function did not accelerate the rate of neutrophil apoptosis. These data shed important insights into the hitherto unrecognized importance of mitochondria in the function of neutrophils during infection and inflammation.

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Biochemistry and Physiology of the Neutrophil

Cited by 145 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of prostaglandin E2 generation through the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 pathway in human neutrophils

Characterization of prostaglandin E2 generation through the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 pathway in human neutrophils

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions as predictive markers for infections after organ transplantation

The Mitochondrial Network of Human Neutrophils: Role in Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis, Respiratory Burst Activation, and Commitment to Apoptosis

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