Biochemistry of Drugs Action and their Resistance Mechanism: A Brief Discussion

Abstract

Pharmaceutical drug is a chemical substance which is used to maintain growth, cure, treat, prevent and diagnose a disease. Up to the middle of the nineteenth century, man had access to a wide range of natural remedies to ease his suffering. As part of pharmacodynamics, we consider both drug activity and drug effect, which refers to the first effects of therapeutic receptor contact and the effects that follow. Infections are a leading cause of mortality in the underdeveloped nations. This is primarily owing to the advent of emerging infectious agents, more particularly the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Drug resistance or Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), progresses when microbes, including parasites i.e viruses, bacteria and fungi no longer effective against a drug that formerly treated them effectually. Clinicians will benefit from a better grasp of the processes of antibiotic resistance when it comes to prescribing antibiotic. As a result of this review, researchers are encouraged to apply gene manipulation, increased usage of stem cells (adult and embryonic), and improve bioavailability of nutrients utilizing nanotechnology in order to overcome the negative effects of pharmaceutical medications.