Biochemistry of Selenium

Rosenfeld, Irene

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-2800-6.50014-6

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Its behavior in organic life has been treated extensively in the literature and the most comprehensive reviews have been published by Trelease and Beath (1949) and Rosenfeld and Beath (1964).…”

Section: Mineral Soils Containing Humusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium in certain Finnish sediments

Koljonen¹

1974

Bull Geol Soc Finland

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Section: Mineral Soils Containing Humusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium in certain Finnish sediments

Koljonen¹

1974

Bull Geol Soc Finland

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“…( Spears et al, 1986), 셀레늄 결핍시 체중저하 및 폐사가 우려되고 과잉섭취 시 식욕저하를 유발할 수 있다 (Rosenfeld and Beath, 1964). II.…”

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Effects of zinc, vitamin and selenium additives for improving meat quality on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and economic efficiency of holstein steers

Cho¹,

Lee²

2015

Korean Journal of Agricultural Science

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: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different additives on the growth performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics in Holstein steers during 18month fattening periods. Twenty four Holstein steers, 5months of age and 176.6kg, were randomly allocated to 3 experimental groups 8 animals each for 18-months feeding trial. The groups were control (not additive), T1 (fed zinc, Vitamin C) and T2 (fed zinc, Vitamin C, Vitamin B6 and Selenium). According to feeding additives, final weight was not significantly different among the treatment groups, tended to be high at T2 group (827kg) compared to the other groups. Average daily gain was not different among the treatment groups during the experimental periods, but T2 group was significantly greater than T1 group in growing stage (p<0.05). The feed additives had no effects on DMI during experimental periods. Feed conversion ratio of T1 group in growing stage was significantly higher than those of other groups (p<0.05), average feed conversion ratio was tend to be decreased at T2 group rather compared with other groups. In the results of yield traits, carcass weight were relatively higher in T2 group than other groups (p<0.05). Rib-eye area, back fat thickness and yield index were similar between groups. In quality traits, marbling, meat color, fat color, texture and maturity were not significantly different among the groups. In economic efficiency, income was highest at T2 group as 91~393 thousand won among 3 groups.

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“…Selenium accumulator plants, such as Astragalus bisulcatus, grown on seleniferous soils, absorb massive amounts of inorganic selenium, much of which is converted to water-soluble, low mol wt organic compounds (selenocystathionine, Se-methylselenocysteine, dimethyl selenide, selenohomocystine). Trace quantities of selenium appear to be required for proper growth and development of the plants (19,22). Unlike nonaccumulator plants, where considerable amounts of selenium can be incorporated into protein in the forms of selenomethionine and selenocysteine (13), only limited amounts of selenium-containing amino acids appear to be incorporated into proteins of accumulator plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trace quantities of selenium appear to be required for proper growth and development of the plants (19,22). Unlike nonaccumulator plants, where considerable amounts of selenium can be incorporated into protein in the forms of selenomethionine and selenocysteine (13), only limited amounts of selenium-containing amino acids appear to be incorporated into proteins of accumulator plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seeds were stored in plastic jars at -20 C. Samples of dry seeds were homogenized in water and aliquots analyzed for selenium content (12), which ranged from 25 to 146 jig selenium per g of dry seed. Before germination, the seeds were soaked in concentrated H2SO4 (19) for 15 min, rinsed with ice-water, treated with 10%o Clorox for 5 min, then scattered on nylon mesh trays in a dark, temperature-controlled mist chamber at 21 C for 6 to 7 days. Germination was 65 to 80%Yo.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation and Partial Characterization of Transfer RNAs from Astragalus bisulcatus

Young¹,

Kaiser²

1979

Plant Physiol.

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A procedure has been developed for the isolation of transfer RNA from the selenium accumulator plant Astragalus bisukatus. This material appears free of interfering phenolic compounds, has a high guanosine to cytidine ratio, shows a major and modified nucleoside composition characteristic of plant transfer RNAs, and exhibits chromatographic and electrophoretic properties similar to transfer RNAs from other weUl studied bacterial and plant systems. RNAs isolated from A. bisukatus seedlings incubated in the presence of 75Se indicate some incorporation of radioactivity into the transfer RNAs, but at extremely low levels. The transfer RNAs were active in accepting amino acids, although their over-all levels of activity appeared low when compared with those from a homologous Eschenrhis coHl aminoacylation reaction system. Selenium accumulator plants, such as Astragalus bisulcatus, grown on seleniferous soils, absorb massive amounts of inorganic selenium, much of which is converted to water-soluble, low mol wt organic compounds (selenocystathionine, Se-methylselenocysteine, dimethyl selenide, selenohomocystine). Trace quantities of selenium appear to be required for proper growth and development of the plants (19,22). Unlike nonaccumulator plants, where considerable amounts of selenium can be incorporated into protein in the forms of selenomethionine and selenocysteine (13), only limited amounts of selenium-containing amino acids appear to be incorporated into proteins of accumulator plants. The control mechanisms that exist in the accumulator species to limit the extent of substitution of seleno-for sulfur-containing amino acids are unknown (22). In order to examine the aminoacylation reaction as a possible control point, it is necessary to have relatively pure and biologically active tRNA. We have developed a procedure for the isolation of tRNAs from A. bisulcatus. These were shown to be active in accepting normal amino acids and were characterized by chemical, chromatographic, electrophoretic, and spectral methods. Several different types of nucleoside analyses were carried out to determine major and modified base compositions, and to examine the tRNAs for the possible presence of selenium-containing nucleosides-which have been isolated from Escherichia coli tRNAs (6,18 Phenol (J. T. Baker) and m-cresol (Eastman) were distilled under reduced pressure and stored at 4 C in the dark. All solutions were prepared with degassed, deionized H20 and all other chemicals and reagents were either analytical or reagent grade.Plant Material. Mature seed pods were harvested from A. bisulcatus plants growing wild near Laramie and Medicine Bow, Wyoming, in areas of high soil selenium. After air-drying, they were processed through a Wiley Mill to break the pods, and Clipper Reaper Grain Seed and Bean Cleaner to separate seeds from chaff. The seeds were stored in plastic jars at -20 C. Samples of dry seeds were homogenized in water and aliquots analyzed for selenium content (12), which ranged from 25 to 146 jig selenium pe...

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Biochemistry of Selenium

Cited by 16 publications

References 97 publications

Selenium in certain Finnish sediments

Selenium in certain Finnish sediments

Effects of zinc, vitamin and selenium additives for improving meat quality on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and economic efficiency of holstein steers

Isolation and Partial Characterization of Transfer RNAs from Astragalus bisulcatus

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