Biochemistry of the Pyrethrins

Casida, John E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-162950-2.50012-0

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The collected soil was dried and sieved through a 2 mm mesh. The procedures for the dehydrogenase and urease activities were performed following the procedures described by [ 37 , 38 ]. The brief procedure for the dehydrogenase activity that was followed included mixing of CaCO 3 (0.1 g) in pre-sieved sample soil (10.0 g).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Urea Nanocomposite for Improved Fertilizer Applications: The Effect on the Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microflora Dynamics in N Cycle of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impact of polymer-based slow-release urea formulations on soil microbial N dynamics in potatoes has been sparingly deciphered. The present study investigated the effect of a biodegradable nano-polymer urea formulation on soil enzymatic activities and microflora involved in the N cycling of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The nano-chitosan-urea composite (NCUC) treatment significantly increased the soil dehydrogenase activity, organic carbon content and available potassium compared to the conventional urea (CU) treatment. The soil ammonical nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) contents and urease activity were significantly decreased in the NCUC-amended soil. The slow urea hydrolysis rate led to low concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3−-N in the tested potato soil. Furthermore, these results corroborate the low count of ammonia oxidizer and nitrate reducer populations. Quantitative PCR (q-PCR) studies revealed that the relative abundance of eubacterial (AOB) and archaeal ammonia-oxidizing (AOA) populations was reduced in the NCUC-treated soil compared to CU. The abundance of AOA was particularly lower than AOB, probably due to the more neutral and alkaline conditions of the tested soil. Our results suggest that the biodegradable polymer urea composite had a significant effect on the microbiota associated with soil N dynamics. Therefore, the developed NCUC could be used as a slow N-release fertilizer for enhanced growth and crop yields of potato.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-Urea Nanocomposite for Improved Fertilizer Applications: The Effect on the Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microflora Dynamics in N Cycle of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Synergised pyrethrum formulations are particularly effective against the mosquitoes and midges, which bite humans, and to date there have been no reports of resistance developing in these species to this biopesticide. Pyrethrins are very quickly degraded in sunlight leaving no toxic residues and are ideal for use as pre-harvest sprays to remove insect pests on edible crops -up to 24 hours before harvest (152)(153) .…”

Section: Chrysanthemum Cinerariaefoliummentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiparasitic activities of medicinal plants: An overview

Ali Esmail Al-Snafi

2024

GSC Biol. Pharm. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several of the parasites have become resistant to chemotherapy, so alternatives are urgently required. Natural products still play an important role in therapy: between 1981 and 2006, 1,184 new drugs were registered of which 28% were natural products or their derivatives. Another 24% of the new drugs had pharmacophores (functional groups with pharmacological activity) derived from natural products. In this review, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus were searched for medicinal plants with antiparasitic, antiprotozoal, molluscicidal and insecticidal activity to encourage identification of the active ingredients, determination of clinical efficacy, studying of pharmacokinetic characteristics, investigation of the mode of action and safety.

show abstract

“…In Europe, aerial spraying has been banned because of concerns regarding drift; therefore, pesticides that are not harmful to the environment should be introduced [44], especially in UASS operations. Thus, for the pesticide, we used pyrethrum extract mixed in three different concentrations: 10% pyrethrum extract, 15% pyrethrum extract, and 10% pyrethrum with additives (10% sugar, 10% formic acid, and 1% bee shred); for the bullet, we used cornstarch [45,46]. After the indoor experiments, the exterminator was operated in the field on real ho net nests, and its performance was analyzed.…”

Section: Experimental Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exterminator for the Nests of Vespa velutina nigrithorax Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Lee

2023

Drones

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vespa velutina nigrithorax, a species of hornet, is spreading globally, with increasingly negative effects on human health. To effectively eliminate V. velutina, its nest should be destroyed and its queen removed; however, the nests are difficult to reach. Thus, we analyzed the requirements for a drone-assisted hornet exterminator using field observations and physical tests on a sample hornets’ nest, and based on these, a UAV exterminator equipped with a nest-perforating device (based on an airsoft rifle) and pesticide-spraying system was designed and manufactured. Pesticides and bullets were manufactured using ecofriendly materials. An actuator at the rear of the device adjusted the pitch of the perforator and sprayer, and a monitoring system was installed to aid the operator in targeting. The operating parameters of the UAV exterminator were evaluated in laboratory tests, with a spray distance of 5 m deemed suitable. To evaluate the system’s pest-control performance, several V. velutina nests were targeted in field tests. An insecticidal effect of over 99% was achieved using two pyrethrum-based pesticides (15% pyrethrum extract and 10% pyrethrum extract with additives). In addition, compared to conventional nest-removal methods, the UAV exterminator reduced the work time by 85% and the cost by 54.9%.

show abstract

Biochemistry of the Pyrethrins

Cited by 12 publications

References 67 publications

Chitosan-Urea Nanocomposite for Improved Fertilizer Applications: The Effect on the Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microflora Dynamics in N Cycle of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Chitosan-Urea Nanocomposite for Improved Fertilizer Applications: The Effect on the Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microflora Dynamics in N Cycle of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Antiparasitic activities of medicinal plants: An overview

Exterminator for the Nests of Vespa velutina nigrithorax Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About