Biocidal Activity of Metal Nanoparticles Synthesized by Fusarium solani against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Mycotoxigenic Fungi

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria and fungi is one of the most serious global public health problems in the 21 st century, directly affecting human health and lifestyle. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with strong resistance to the common antibiotics have been isolated from Intensive Care Unit patients at Zagazig Hospital. Thus, in this study we assessed the biocidal activity of nanoparticles of silver, copper and zinc synthesized by Fusarium solani KJ 623702 against these multidrug resistant-bacteria. The synthesized Metal Nano-particles (MNPs) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Zeta potential. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) result showed the presence of different functional groups such as carboxyl, amino and thiol, ester and peptide bonds in addition to glycosidic bonds that might stabilize the dispersity of MNPs from aggregation. The antimicrobial potential of MNPs by F. solani against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in addition to the mycotoxigenic Aspergillus awamori, A. fumigatus and F. oxysporum was investigated, based on the visual growth by diameter of inhibition zone. Among the synthesized MNPs, the spherical AgNPs (13.70 nm) displayed significant effect against P. aeruginosa (Zone of Inhibition 22.4 mm and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration 21.33 µg/ml), while ZINC oxide Nano-Particles were the most effective against F. oxysporum (ZOI, 18.5 mm and MIC 24.7 µg/ml). Transmission Electron Microscope micrographs of AgNP-treated P. aeruginosa showed cracks and pits in the cell wall, with internalization of NPs. Production of pyocyanin pigment was significantly inhibited by AgNPs in a concentration-dependent manner, and at 5-20 µg of AgNPs/ml, the pigment production was reduced by about 15-100%, respectively.

Endophytic Bacteria Enterobacter hormaechei Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Activity

“…Furthermore, in the present study, the Eh-AgNPs exhibited a lower MIC value than did the Streptomyces xinghaiensis OF1-mediated AgNPs (5-20 nm size) against C. albicans (ATCC 10231), with a MIC of 32 µg/mL [43]. The variations in the MIC values may be attributed to differences in the type of strain used, methods of evaluation [51], and the concentrations of AgNPs used [52]. Although the exact mode of antifungal action of AgNPs against Candida sp.…”

Bioremediation and tolerance of zinc ions using Fusarium solani

“…Fusarium solani KJ 623702 had been isolated and molecularly identified from our previous work ( El-Sayed, 2014 , El-Sayed and El-Sayed, 2020a , b ). The strain conserved on PDA slants at 4 °C, supplemented with ZnSO 4 .2H 2 O to give final desired concentrations (0, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 9000, 10000, 11000, and 12000 mg/l), then poured to the petri plates.…”

“…During the growth, the white coalescence was notice, suggesting the reduction of Zn(II) and the formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). The biomass was separated by centrifugation and dried at 60 °C, the filtrates were utilized for characterization of ZnONPs by UV-Visible spectroscopy, TEM analysis (JEOL TEM-1400), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) (Broker D8 Advanced target Cu Koα powder diffractometer (λ = 1.5418 °A) ( El-Sayed and El-Sayed, 2020a , b ). For the TEM analysis, the samples were loaded on carbon-coated grids and dried, a thin film on glass slides was dried at 45 °C and used for XRD.…”

“…For the TEM analysis, the samples were loaded on carbon-coated grids and dried, a thin film on glass slides was dried at 45 °C and used for XRD. The residual Zn(II) was measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Unicam 969) ( El-Sayed and El-Sayed, 2020a , b ). The efficiency of removal (E) determined according to the following equation: E = [(Ci − Cf)/Co] ×100 Where Ci and Cf are initial and residual concentrations of Zn(II) (mg/l), respectively.…”

Biosystematic Study on Some Egyptian Species of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)

“…Distance estimates were performed by unweighted pair-group method analysis using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). The total genomic DNA of Astragalus L. was extracted from fresh young leaves of plants with CTAB (Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) lysis buffer [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Brief description to CTAB method (three-five sentences).…”