Biocidal polymers: synthesis and antimicrobial properties of benzaldehyde derivatives immobilized onto amine-terminated polyacrylonitrile

Abstract

BackgroundThe design and applications of antimicrobial polymers is a growing field. Antimicrobial polymers can help to solve the problems associated with the use of conventional antimicrobial agents. Polymers with active functional groups can act as a carrier system for antimicrobial agents. In our study, we aim to prepare and develop some antimicrobial polymers for biomedical applications and water treatment.ResultsThe antimicrobial polymers based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were prepared. Functional groups were created onto polyacrylonitrile via amination using different types of diamines such as ethylenediamine (EDA) and hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) to yield amine-terminated polymers. Antimicrobial polymers were obtained by immobilization of benzaldehyde and its derivatives which include, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde onto amine-terminated polymers. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared polymers against different types of microorganisms including Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Escherichia coli; and Salmonella typhi) as well as fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Cryptpcoccus neoformans) were explored by the cut plug method and viable cell counting methods.ConclusionsAmine-terminated polyacrylonitrile were used as a novel polymeric carrier for benzaldehyde derivatives as antimicrobial agents. The prepared polymers can inhibit the growth of the microorganisms. The activity was varied according to the tested microorganism as well as the polymer microstructure. It was found that the activity increased with increasing the number phenolic hydroxyl group of the bioactive group. Finally, it is anticipated that the prepared antimicrobial polymers would be of great help in the field of biomedical applications and biological water treatment.

Release of Polymeric Biocides from Synthetic Matrices for Marine Biofouling Applications

“…Polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds have been proposed as biocides in many types of applications such as paints, water treatment, textile and food industries, due to their low toxicity and broad antimicrobial spectrum (Alamril, et al, 2012;Kourai, et al, 2006). Compared with other antimicrobial agents of low molecular weight, these structures display advantages including the fact that they are not volatile, they are chemically stable and they have low permeability through the membranes (Beyth, et al, 2006).…”

“…In fact, research on antimicrobial polymers has attracted considerable attention over the past years, due to their high efficacy in preventing and controlling the microbial infection. Their use is of great importance in various fields, especially in medical devices, water purification, drugs, textiles, food packages, antifouling paints and fish nets (Abid, at al., 2010;Alamril, et al, 2012;Oikonomou, et al, 2012). The mechanism of their action is well known for years and their antimicrobial activity has been tested against various microorganisms (Lee, et al, 2004).…”

Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential oil and various plant extracts from Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb

“…It is also used as a bactericide and fungicide. Benzaldehyde activity has similarities to the antimicrobial activity of phenols, because it interacts with the surface of the cell and leads to cell death by disintegration of the cell membrane and release of intracellular components (Alamri et al, 2012).…”

Preparation of Polycyclic Pendant Chalcone Moiety Based Antimicrobial Polyacrylamides

“…2,27 Indeed, in the present study, 2-methoxy-6-acetyl naphthalene chalcone based synthesized polyacrylamide (PMPA) shows better antimicrobial activity than the above said aromatic moieties (2-methoxy-6-napthaldehyde, 2-acetyl naphthalene) and acrylamide polymer along with the alkyl spacer unit. 35 This has been examined by testing the polymer against various microorganisms, as reported in Table II.…”