Biocompatibility and Clinical Application of Porous TiNi Alloys Made by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS)

Abstract

Porous TiNi alloys fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) are biomaterials designed for medical application in substituting tissue lesions and they were clinically deployed more than 30 years ago. The SHS process, as a very fast and economically justified route of powder metallurgy, has distinctive features which impart special attributes to the resultant implant, facilitating its integration in terms of bio-mechanical/chemical compatibility. On the phenomenological level, the fact of high biocompatibility of porous SHS TiNi (PTN) material in vivo has been recognized and is not in dispute presently, but the rationale is somewhat disputable. The features of the SHS TiNi process led to a multifarious intermetallic Ti4Ni2(O,N,C)-based constituents in the amorphous-nanocrystalline superficial layer which entirely conceals the matrix and enhances the corrosion resistance of the unwrought alloy. In the current article, we briefly explore issues of the high biocompatibility level on which additional studies could be carried out, as well as recent progress and key fields of clinical application, yet allowing innovative solutions.

Development of tantalum with highly hydrophilic surface and antimicrobial properties obtained by micro‐arc oxidation process

“…Taking into the account biomedical applications, a thick and uniform oxide layer inhibits corrosion. This causes a positive effect of a smaller release of metallic ions 46 . After the MAO modification, the nanocrystalline Ta has a comparable corrosion resistance to its microcrystalline equivalent.…”

“…Stress shielding reduction is one of the key parameters for successful implants use. Porous, rough, and developed surface may have an impact on biocompatibility in terms of reducing stress shielding by promoting bone cells attaching to such surface 46,58 …”

VYaZKOUPRUGAYa DEFORMATsIYa PRI RAZRUShENII PORISTOGO NIKELIDA TITANA

“…Пористые сплавы на основе TiNi, полученные методом самораспространяющегося высоко температурного синтеза (СВС) успешно применяются в медицине благодаря биоинертной поверхности и способности вязкоупрого деформироваться под действием циклической знакопеременной нагрузки. Биоинертность пористых сплавов обеспечивается плотным поверхностным слоем интерметаллических оксикарбонитридов, который формируется в процессе СВС [1]. Для клинического применения имплантатов из СВС-TiNi сплава необходимы исследования выносливости и деформационного поведения при статических и циклических нагрузках.…”

Evaluation of Clinical Performance of TiNi-Based Implants Used in Chest Wall Repair after Resection for Malignant Tumors

“…Porous and solid TiNi-based implants and their successful deployment in surgical treatments have encouraged insights for immediate and delayed rib-plasty in cancer patients. Experimental and clinical studies with promising results have demonstrated successful integration of TiNi implants with the formation of regenerated tissues, which anatomically and physiologically restore the injured area [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Recently, porous SHS-TiNi alloys have been reported [ 31 ] to have some features that significantly distinguish them from those manufactured by other methods of powder metallurgy.…”