Biocompatibility of Metal Matrix Composites Used for Biomedical Applications

Wong, Raymond Chung Wen; Suresh, Santhosh; Prasadh, Somasundaram; Ratheesh, Vaishnavi; Gupta, Manoj

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.11834-x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…The XRD analysis of samples indicated no crystallographic structure change when compared to untested samples of the same metal stock. These findings are consistent with initial studies into the biocompatibility of CoCrMo alloys 66 , 67 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Introduction of the metal sample into the electrolytic simulated synovial fluid creates a natural galvanic response where the reactivity of the metal is passivated by the release of surface ions and the thickening of a carbacious and/or naturally occurring oxide layer 52 , 64 , 65 . CoCrMo has previously been reported to decrease electrochemical galvanic activity overtime in an in vitro setting 64 , 66 , 67 . This natural response is clearly evident in the behavior and characterization of Sample A.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Driving electrochemical corrosion of implanted CoCrMo metal via oscillatory electric fields without mechanical wear

Welles

Ahn

2021

Sci Rep

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Decades of research have been dedicated to understanding the corrosion mechanisms of metal based implanted prosthetics utilized in modern surgical procedures. Focused primarily on mechanically driven wear, current fretting and crevice corrosion investigations have yet to precisely replicate the complex chemical composition of corrosion products recovered from patients’ periprosthetic tissue. This work specifically targets the creation of corrosion products at the metal on metal junction utilized in modular hip prosthetics. Moreover, this manuscript serves as an initial investigation into the potential interaction between implanted CoCrMo metal alloy and low amplitude electrical oscillation, similar in magnitude to those which may develop from ambient electromagnetic radiation. It is believed that introduction of such an electrical oscillation may be able to initiate electrochemical reactions between the metal and surrounding fluid, forming the precursor to secondary wear particles, without mechanically eroding the metal’s natural passivation layer. Here, we show that a low magnitude electrical oscillation (≤ 200 mV) in the megahertz frequency (106 Hz) range is capable of initiating corrosion on implanted CoCrMo without the addition of mechanical wear. Specifically, a 50 MHz, 200 mVpp sine wave generates corrosion products comprising of Cr, P, Ca, O, and C, which is consistent with previous literature on the analysis of failed hip prosthetics. These findings demonstrate that mechanical wear may not be required to initiate the production of chemically complex corrosion products.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Driving electrochemical corrosion of implanted CoCrMo metal via oscillatory electric fields without mechanical wear

Welles

Ahn

2021

Sci Rep

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“…Polymeric biomaterials are interesting because of their structural flexibility, which can render biodegradability and biocompatibility 5–8,16,17 . However, their insufficient mechanical properties restrict their use in orthopedic implants 18,19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7][8]16,17 However, their insufficient mechanical properties restrict their use in orthopedic implants. 18,19 Metallic scaffold materials in this regard offer excellent mechanical properties making them potential candidates for loadbearing implants. However, low corrosion resistance, high density and release of cytotoxic metallic ions are some of the limitations possessed by metallic biomaterials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alloying element Zn, a vital ingredient in the human body was added 32 to enhance the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and osteogenic activity. 18,21,[33][34][35] It has been reported that, incorporation of Zn up to 3 wt % could increase the mechanical properties and enhance the corrosion resistance of the Mg-Zn alloy system owing to the existence of α-Mg matrix and γ-Mg-Zn phase. 36,[39][40][41] Being biocompatible and a constituent of natural bone, calcium was also incorporated as an alloying element.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive fluorcanasite reinforced magnesium alloy‐based porous bio‐nanocomposite scaffolds with tunable mechanical properties

et al. 2022

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Magnesium (Mg) alloy-based porous bio-nanocomposite bone scaffolds were developed by powder metallurgy route. Selective alloying elements such as calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr) were incorporated to tune the mechanical integrity while, bioactive fluorcanasite nano-particulates were introduced within the alloy system to enhance the bone tissue regeneration. Green compacts containing carbamide were fabricated and sintered using two-stage heat treatment process to achieve the targeted porosities. The microstructure of these fabricated magnesium alloy-based bio-nanocomposites was examined by Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and x-ray micro computed tomography (x-ray μCT), which revealed gradient porosities and distribution of alloying elements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies confirmed the presence of major crystalline phases in the fabricated samples and the evolution of the various combinations of intermetallic phases of Ca, Mg, Zn and Sr which were anticipated to enhance the mechanical properties. Further, XRD studies revealed the presence of apatite phase for the immersed samples, a conducive environment for bone regeneration. The fabricated samples were evaluated for their mechanical performance against uniaxial compression load. The tunability of compressive strengths and modulus values could be established with variation in porosities of fabricated samples. The retained compressive strength and Young's modulus of the samples following immersion in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution was found to be in line with that of natural human cancellous bone, thereby establishing the potential of the fabricated magnesium-alloy-based nanocomposite as a promising scaffold candidate for bone tissue engineering.

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