Biocompatible FePO4 Nanoparticles: Drug Delivery, RNA Stabilization, and Functional Activity

Abstract

FePO4 NPs are of special interest in food fortification and biomedical imaging because of their biocompatibility, high bioavailability, magnetic property, and superior sensory performance that do not cause adverse organoleptic effects. These characteristics are desirable in drug delivery as well. Here, we explored the FePO4 nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle for the anticancer drug, doxorubicin, with an optimum drug loading of 26.81% ± 1.0%. This loading further enforces the formation of Fe3+ doxorubicin complex resulting in the formation of FePO4-DOX nanoparticles. FePO4-DOX nanoparticles showed a good size homogeneity and concentration-dependent biocompatibility, with over 70% biocompatibility up to 80 µg/mL concentration. Importantly, cytotoxicity analysis showed that Fe3+ complexation with DOX in FePO4-DOX NPs enhanced the cytotoxicity by around 10 times than free DOX and improved the selectivity toward cancer cells. Furthermore, FePO4 NPs temperature-stabilize RNA and support mRNA translation activity showing promises for RNA stabilizing agents. The results show the biocompatibility of iron-based inorganic nanoparticles, their drug and RNA loading, stabilization, and delivery activity with potential ramifications for food fortification and drug/RNA delivery.

Synthetic graphene–copper nanocomposites interact with the hACE-2 enzyme and inhibit its biochemical activity

“…Example of these includes, DOXIL® for ovarian cancer (secondary to platinumbased therapies) 18 and HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (secondary to chemotherapy), multiple myeloma (secondary); Abraxane® for advanced non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer, VYXEOS® for acute myeloid leukemia, Hensify® for locally-advanced squamous cell carcinoma, Resovist® as a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent and the list further increases with the total of more than 50 approved nanomedicine for clinical use. 15 While signicant efforts have been dedicated to engineering synthetic and biomimetic nanomedicine against cancer, 5,[7][8][9]16,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] the studies related to the effect of NPs on enzyme receptor biochemical activity have been given less attention to envisioning its possible impact on infectious disease and immune modulation.…”