Biocompatible Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Ratiometric Intracellular pH Sensing

Chandra, Anil; Singh, Neetu

doi:10.1002/slct.201701012

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The luminescence of carbon dots is susceptible to PET quenching making ion sensing possible in principle . Because of the low cytotoxicity, intracellular pH-imaging represents one of the major applications. − …”

Section: Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Sensing and Imaging of pH Values: Spectroscopies, Materials, and Applications

2020

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This is the first comprehensive review on methods and materials for use in optical sensing of pH values and on applications of such sensors. The Review starts with an introduction that contains subsections on the definition of the pH value, a brief look back on optical methods for sensing of pH, on the effects of ionic strength on pH values and p K a values, on the selectivity, sensitivity, precision, dynamic ranges, and temperature dependence of such sensors. Commonly used optical sensing schemes are covered in a next main chapter, with subsections on methods based on absorptiometry, reflectometry, luminescence, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance, photonic crystals, turbidity, mechanical displacement, interferometry, and solvatochromism. This is followed by sections on absorptiometric and luminescent molecular probes for use pH in sensors. Further large sections cover polymeric hosts and supports, and methods for immobilization of indicator dyes. Further and more specific sections summarize the state of the art in materials with dual functionality (indicator and host), nanomaterials, sensors based on upconversion and 2-photon absorption, multiparameter sensors, imaging, and sensors for extreme pH values. A chapter on the many sensing formats has subsections on planar, fiber optic, evanescent wave, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance and holography based sensor designs, and on distributed sensing. Another section summarizes selected applications in areas, such as medicine, biology, oceanography, bioprocess monitoring, corrosion studies, on the use of pH sensors as transducers in biosensors and chemical sensors, and their integration into flow-injection analyzers, microfluidic devices, and lab-on-a-chip systems. An extra section is devoted to current challenges, with subsections on challenges of general nature and those of specific nature. A concluding section gives an outlook on potential future trends and perspectives.

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Section: Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Sensing and Imaging of pH Values: Spectroscopies, Materials, and Applications

2020

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“…From the fluorescence intensity at the two aforementioned wavelengths, and by using the ratiometric calibration curve, they calculated the pH of the cell, besides observing the different color of the cells. Likewise, Chandra et al developed CNDs from the mushroom Agaricus bisporus and ethylenediamine and they found that the CNDs can detect changes in the intracellular pH of HeLa cells [89]. Their CNDs exhibit dual emission, one at 450 nm and one at 550 nm.…”

Section: Target-specific Imaging Applications For Eukaryotic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioimaging Applications of Carbon Nanodots: A Review

Kasouni

Chatzimitakos

Stalikas

2019

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Carbon nanodots (CNDs) is the newest member of carbon-based nanomaterials and one of the most promising for the development of new, advanced applications. Owing to their unique and unparalleled physicochemical and photoluminescent properties, they are considered to be a rising star among nanomaterials. During the last decade, many applications have been developed based on CNDs. Among others, they have been used as bioimaging agents to label cells and tissues. In this review, we will discuss the advancements in the applications of CNDs in in the field of imaging, in all types of organisms (i.e., prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and animals). Selective imaging of one type of cells over another, imaging of (bio)molecules inside cells and tumor-targeting imaging are some of the studies that will be discussed hereafter. We hope that this review will assist researchers with obtaining a holistic view of the developed applications and hit on new ideas so that more advanced applications can be developed in the near future.

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“…[38] Among carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials, pH sensors derived from graphene quantum dots [39][40][41][42] and carbon dots are common. [43][44][45][46] Their exquisite fluorescence properties make them very advantageous in many aspects, however they have a tendency to interact with cellular mechanisms and thus can interfere with the studies in question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the pH Microenvironment of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Cultures on Additive‐Manufactured Scaffolds

Moldero

Chandra

Cavo

et al. 2020

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Despite numerous advances in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, monitoring the formation of tissue regeneration and its metabolic variations during culture is still a challenge and mostly limited to bulk volumetric assays. Here, a simple method of adding capsules‐based optical sensors in cell‐seeded 3D scaffolds is presented and the potential of these sensors to monitor the pH changes in space and time during cell growth is demonstrated. It is shown that the pH decreased over time in the 3D scaffolds, with a more prominent decrease at the edges of the scaffolds. Moreover, the pH change is higher in 3D scaffolds compared to monolayered 2D cell cultures. The results suggest that this system, composed by capsules‐based optical sensors and 3D scaffolds with predefined geometry and pore architecture network, can be a suitable platform for monitoring pH variations during 3D cell growth and tissue formation. This is particularly relevant for the investigation of 3D cellular microenvironment alterations occurring both during physiological processes, such as tissue regeneration, and pathological processes, such as cancer evolution.

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Biocompatible Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Ratiometric Intracellular pH Sensing

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Optical Sensing and Imaging of pH Values: Spectroscopies, Materials, and Applications

Optical Sensing and Imaging of pH Values: Spectroscopies, Materials, and Applications

Bioimaging Applications of Carbon Nanodots: A Review

Probing the pH Microenvironment of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Cultures on Additive‐Manufactured Scaffolds

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