Bioconcentration and Elimination of the Dithiocarbamate Fungicide Polycarbamate in Marine Teleost Fish and Polychaete

Abstract

We evaluated the bioconcentration and elimination of polycarbamate, a popular antifoulant classified as a dithiocarbamate fungicide, in a marine teleost fish, mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), and a polychaete (Perinereis nuntia). Following polycarbamate exposure and depuration, the calculated bioconcentration factor (BCF) and elimination rate constant (k2) were 3.1 and 0.17 day(-1) in fish and 1.5-7.8 and 0.13-0.18 day(-1) in the polychaete, indicating that the fungicide has low bioconcentration potential in both organisms. Given the BCF of 3.1, the permissible environmental concentration level of polycarbamate in water was calculated to be 6.1 µg L(-1) to satisfy the threshold pesticide residue levels in fish permitted by law, which is far below the permissible levels in Hiroshima Bay, Japan. Therefore, we consider that the current polycarbamate contamination level in terms of bioconcentration is not likely to be an alarming issue in coastal environments.

Proteolytic processes in organism of different age rats exposed to xenoestrogens

“…After a while, these pharmaceutical hormones mimic estrogen. Also, there were natural links between endocrine disruptors (EEDs) in the environment and changes in microbial ecology, as well as an increase in the level of resistance of pathogenic organisms to antibiotics, toxicity of the aquatic environment and microorganisms, and a decrease in the resistance of human health [6,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”