Bioconversion of Lignocellulose Materials

Abstract

One of the most economically viable processes for the bioconversion of many lignocellulosic waste is represented by white rot fungi. Phanerochaete chrysosporium is one of the important commercially cultivated fungi which exhibit varying abilities to utilize different lignocellulosic as growth substrate. Examination of the lignocellulolytic enzyme profiles of the two organisms Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Rhizopus stolonifer show this diversity to be reflected in qualitative variation in the major enzymatic determinants (ie cellulase, xylanase, ligninase and etc) required for substrate bioconversion. For example P. chrysosporium which is cultivated on highly lignified substrates such as wood (or) sawdust, produces two extracellular enzymes which have associated with lignin deploymerization. (Mn peroxidase and lignin peroxidase). Conversely Rhizopus stolonifer which prefers high cellulose and low lignin containg substrates produce a family of cellulolytic enzymes including at least cellobiohydrolases and β-glucosidases, but very low level of recognized lignin degrading enzymes.

Enzymatic saccharification of biologically pre-treated wheat straw with white-rot fungi

“…2C). The production of xylanase by WRF and, in particular, by I. lacteus was well documented (Pothiraj et al, 2006). Despite xylanase and cellulolytic activities found during this study were rather low, the activities of xylanase and CMCase were higher than avicelase in roughly the same order of magnitude.…”

Recycled medical cotton industry waste as a source of biogas recovery

“…However, the improper management of these abundantly generated lignocellulosic wastes may pose an environmental pollution problems and fire hazard. The chemical properties of lignocellulosic components make them a potential substrate of enormous biotechnological values including bio-fuels and chemicals production as well as being cheap energy sources (Pothiraj et al, 2006).…”

Agrowaste bioconversion and microbial fortification have prospects for soil health, crop productivity, and eco-enterprising

“…The ways in which microorganisms have been used to advance human and animal health, food processing, food safety and quality, environmental protection, crop production, and agricultural biotechnology has made them alternatives for high-input farming practices. Lignocellulose that consists of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin represents major structural component of agricultural crop residues (Pothiraj et al 2006). Due to extensive agricultural activities, huge amounts of agricultural residues contribute significantly to the yearly global yield of lignocellulose (Loow et al 2015).…”