Biodegradable Polyphosphazene Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

Nukavarapu, Syam P.; Kumbar, Sangamesh G.; Allcock, Harry R.; Laurencin, Cato T.

doi:10.1002/9780470478882.ch8

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…They are representatives of a broader class of synthetic macromolecules with phosphorus-nitrogen backbone and organic side groups, which have been studied in many areas of biomedical research, such as tissue engineering and drug delivery (16). Polyphosphazene derivatives with ionic groups, however, have demonstrated excellent immunomodulating potential when tested in multiple animal models with both viral and bacterial antigens (17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] is a potent adjuvant for intradermal immunization

Andrianov

DeCollibus

Gillis

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

115

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Intradermal immunization using microfabricated needles represents a potentially powerful technology, which can enhance immune responses and provide antigen sparing. Solid vaccine formulations, which can be coated onto microneedle patches suitable for simple administration, can also potentially offer improved shelf-life. However the approach is not fully compatible with many vaccine adjuvants including alum, the most common adjuvant used in the vaccine market globally. Here, we introduce a polyphosphazene immunoadjuvant as a biologically potent and synergistic constituent of microneedle-based intradermal immunization technology. Poly[di-(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene], PCPP, functions both as a vaccine adjuvant and as a key microfabrication material. When used as part of an intradermal delivery system for hepatitis B surface antigen, PCPP demonstrates superior activity in pigs compared to intramascular administration and significant antigen sparing potential. It also accelerates the microneedle fabrication process and reduces its dependence on the use of surfactants. In this way, PCPP-coated microneedles may enable effective intradermal vaccination from an adjuvanted patch delivery system. polyphosphazenes ͉ vaccine adjuvants

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] is a potent adjuvant for intradermal immunization

Andrianov

DeCollibus

Gillis

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

115

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“…However, polymers that degrade when exposed to aqueous media may be useful for medical devices as in tissue regeneration matrices or controlled drug release. Numerous biodegradable polyphosphazenes have been synthesized by substitution of chlorine atoms of the poly(dichlorophospazene) with hydrolytically labile groups such as amino acid esters, glycolate or lactate ester, imidazole, steroidal residue, and glyceryl[5, 9, 10, 12, 31, 32, 39, 45-47, 61, 63, 65, 66, 70, 71, 74-77]. Table 1 summarizes the physiochemical properties of some of the representative polyphosphazenes used in biomedical applications[5-7, 9, 10, 15, 22, 26-28, 32, 33, 37, 39, 46, 49, 51, 65, 76, 78-84].…”

Section: Biodegradable Polyphosphazene (Bio-functionalized) and Its Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, all of these were better than the PLAGA control, which has been widely accepted as a biocompatible material. Studies by Laurencin and coworkers also demonstrated the tissue biocompatibility of biodegradable PPHOS-PLAGA blends [18, 19, 30, 48, 77, 88, 89, 93]. Nair et al [37]have developed biocompatible blends of PNEA and PLAGA (85:15) at two weight ratios of 25:75 and 50:50.…”

Section: Suitability Of Polyphosphazene Blends As Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these tissues, the implanted scaffold must have sufficient mechanical integrity to function from the time of implantation to the completion of the remodeling process. If the mechanical properties, such as compressive strength and tensile strength, are not comparable to those of natural tissues, problems with mismatch arise which often lead to failure of the tissue-engineered construct [5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 61, 69, 73, 76, 77, 92, 98]. Studies on mechanical properties were carried out by Laurencin and coworkers.…”

Section: Suitability Of Polyphosphazene Blends As Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodegradable scaffolds play a crucial role in scaffold based regenerative approach and their successful application is dependent on their inherent properties, and compositions [2, 7, 9, 16, 32, 61, 73, 77]. So far, a large number of polyphosphazene-based polymer systems have been developed for use in bone and soft tissue regeneration, as well as in drug delivery [20, 31, 74, 91, 94, 100, 101].…”

Section: Applications Of Biodegradable Polyphosphazene and Its Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradable Polyphosphazene-Based Blends for Regenerative Engineering

Ogueri

Ivirico

Nair

et al. 2017

Regen. Eng. Transl. Med.

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The occurrence of musculoskeletal tissue injury or disease and the subsequent functional impairment is at an alarming rate. It continues to be one of the most challenging problems in the human health care. Regenerative engineering offers a promising transdisciplinary strategy for tissues regeneration based on the convergence of tissue engineering, advanced materials science, stem cell science, developmental biology and clinical translation. Biomaterials are emerging as extracellular-mimicking matrices designed to provide instructive cues to control cell behavior and ultimately, be applied as therapies to regenerate damaged tissues. Biodegradable polymers constitute an attractive class of biomaterials for the development of scaffolds due to their flexibility in chemistry and the ability to be excreted or resorbed by the body. Herein, the focus will be on biodegradable polyphosphazene-based blend systems. The synthetic flexibility of polyphosphazene, combined with the unique inorganic backbone, has provided a springboard for more research and subsequent development of numerous novel materials that are capable of forming miscible blends with poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLAGA). Laurencin and co-workers has demonstrated the exploitation of the synthetic flexibility of Polyphosphazene that will allow the design of novel polymers, which can form miscible blends with PLAGA for biomedical applications. These novel blends, due to their well-tuned biodegradability, and mechanical and biological properties coupled with the buffering capacity of the degradation products, constitute ideal materials for regeneration of various musculoskeletal tissues. Lay Summary Regenerative engineering aims to regenerate complex tissues to address the clinical challenge of organ damage. Tissue engineering has largely focused on the restoration and repair of individual tissues and organs, but over the past 25 years, scientific, engineering, and medical advances have led to the introduction of this new approach which involves the regeneration of complex tissues and biological systems such as a knee or a whole limb. While a number of excellent advanced biomaterials have been developed, the choice of biomaterials, however, has increased over the past years to include polymers that can be designed with a range of mechanical properties, degradation rates, and chemical functionality. The polyphosphazenes are one good example. Their chemical versatility and hydrogen bonding capability encourages blending with other biologically relevant polymers. The further development of Polyphosphazene-based blends will present a wide spectrum of advanced biomaterials that can be used as scaffolds for regenerative engineering and as well as other biomedical applications.

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New Mixed-Substituent Fluorophosphazene High Polymers and Small Molecule Cyclophosphazene Models: Synthesis, Characterization, and Structure Property Correlations

2015

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This work is an investigation of the influence of bulky fluoroalkoxy side groups on the properties of polyphosphazenes. A new series of mixed-substituent high polymeric poly(fluoroalkoxyphosphazenes) containing trifluoroethoxy and branched fluoroalkoxy side groups was synthesized and characterized by NMR and GPC methods. These polymers contained 19–29 mol % of dibranched hexafluoropropoxy groups or 4 mol % of tribranched tert-perfluorobutoxy groups which serve as regio-irregularities to reduce the macromolecular microcrystallinity. The structure–property correlations of the polymers were then analyzed and interpreted by several techniques: specifically by the thermal behavior by DSC and TGA methods, the crystallinity by wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and the surface hydrophobicity/oleophobicity by contact angle measurements. Ultraviolet cross-linkable elastomers were prepared from the new polymers through the incorporation of 3 mol % of 2-allylphenoxy and photoirradiation. The mechanical properties and the elastomeric deformation–recovery behavior were then monitored by varying the time of ultraviolet irradiation. Side reactions detected during the synthesis of the high polymers, such as side group exchange reactions and α-carbon attack, were analyzed via use of a cyclic trimer model system. The new polyphosphazenes with branched fluorinated side groups expand the scope of phosphazene-related materials and provide an understanding of the effect of different side group geometries on the overall properties of the fluoroelastomers.

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Biodegradable Polyphosphazene Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] is a potent adjuvant for intradermal immunization

Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] is a potent adjuvant for intradermal immunization

Biodegradable Polyphosphazene-Based Blends for Regenerative Engineering

New Mixed-Substituent Fluorophosphazene High Polymers and Small Molecule Cyclophosphazene Models: Synthesis, Characterization, and Structure Property Correlations

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