Biodegradation and phytotoxicity of crude oil hydrocarbons in an agricultural soil

Abstract

Land treatment of crude oil is used by the oil industry, since it has been recognized that hydrocarbons (HC) can be metabolized by the indigenous microbial community of soil. The crude oil biodegradation in agricultural soil was studied for 12-mo to determine the HC biodegradation and leaching, the effect of HC on barley productivity and soil properties, and the potential for HC uptake in the plant. Concentration and composition of HC in the soil were periodically determined at a depth of 0 to 75 cm. The HC concentration decreased over time due mainly to the microbial degradation. At the end, 12% of the primary crude oil amount remained constant in the soil. A vertical migration, leaching and metabolic products of HC into subsoil occurred. The HC have changed soil fertility. Barley has been successfully cultivated in soil but the HC reduced some plant growth parameters. However, HC were not detected in plant seeds. Many of oil-utilizing bacteria and fungi were isolated from soil. The HC biodegradation potential of oil polluted soil (6% to 66%) were higher than of unpolluted one (4% to 53%). The bacteria (22% to 66%) were more active than fungi (4% to 46%) in HC biodegradation. The study demonstrated that agricultural lands with low rates of oil contamination allows the growth of plants. They ensure high efficiency of HC biodegradation. Vertical infiltration plays an important role in HC removing from soil. Alkanes were completely assimilated by microorganisms and polar compounds were more resistant to microbial attack.

Isolation, Selection, and Use of Oil-Degrading Microorganisms for Biological Treatment of Contaminated Soil

“…The species of microorganisms that we have been able to isolate for use in the biodegradation of oil products have also been described in the publications of other authors. According to the literature, many species of microorganisms are involved in the biodegradation of oil hydrocarbons, including Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, Klebsiella, Micrococcus, Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Candida, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Saccharomyces, Trichoderma, Yarrowia and other genera [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Petroleum-Abundant Soils in Basrah City, Iraq

“…This may be attributed to the Hy bio-degradation process, which is more effective in warm than cold seasons. It has been found that the rates of microbial degradation of petroleum Hy increase with increasing temperature (Ali, 2019;Zhan et al 2022).…”

Investigations for Soil Contamination with Hydrocarbon Compounds near Oil Stations

“…As for soil pollutants that occur due to human influence Due to daily activities or factory waste without the supervision of competent authorities, controls must be put in place to work with, with penalties and fines for violators. [1][2][3][4][5] In the context of this study, we examine hydrocarbon pollution, which is considered one of the most dangerous pollutants and has the most impact on people's lives, because they are in daily contact with it and are used in fuel for transportation, electricity, and other supplies. Economic and life aspects.…”