Biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by natural soil microflora and pure cultures of imperfect and lignolitic fungi

Colombo, Juan Carlos; Cabello, Marta Noemí; Arambarri, Ana María

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(96)00044-9

Cited by 77 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Biofilm-associated fusaria and their coresident microbes may function as polyextremophiles in plumbing systems by virtue of novel metabolic capabilities that allow them to exploit a variety of challenging environmental niches, including the ability degrade keratin (9,18) and other refractory compounds (22). Metagenomic approaches for dissecting the biofilm microbiome are needed to fully characterize the microbial communities and to determine what impact they have on the diversity of fusaria and vice versa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread Occurrence of Diverse Human Pathogenic Types of the Fungus Fusarium Detected in Plumbing Drains

et al. 2011

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It has been proposed that plumbing systems might serve as a significant environmental reservoir of human-pathogenic isolates of Fusarium. We tested this hypothesis by performing the first extensive multilocus sequence typing (MLST) survey of plumbing drain-associated Fusarium isolates and comparing the diversity observed to the known diversity of clinical Fusarium isolates. We sampled 471 drains, mostly in bathroom sinks, from 131 buildings in the United States using a swabbing method. We found that 66% of sinks and 80% of buildings surveyed yielded at least one Fusarium culture. A total of 297 isolates of Fusarium collected were subjected to MLST to identify the phylogenetic species and sequence types (STs) of these isolates. Our survey revealed that the six most common STs in sinks were identical to the six most frequently associated with human infections. We speculate that the most prevalent STs, by virtue of their ability to form and grow in biofilms, are well adapted to plumbing systems. Six major Fusarium STs were frequently isolated from plumbing drains within a broad geographic area and were identical to STs frequently associated with human infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread Occurrence of Diverse Human Pathogenic Types of the Fungus Fusarium Detected in Plumbing Drains

et al. 2011

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“…The oxidation of Mn 2ϩ by laccase has been described to occur both directly (26) and through the oxidation of hydroquinones as a consequence of O 2 ⅐Ϫ generation (21,38). Coriolopsis rigida is a white rot fungus that has been studied with regard to its capacity to degrade lignin from wheat straw (9) and the aliphatic and aromatic fractions of crude oil from artificially contaminated soils (13). Except for the production of an ABTS [2,2Ј-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonic acid)]-oxidizing activity by C. rigida in solid medium (46), which suggests the secretion of ligninolytic enzymes, the ligninolytic system of this fungus remains unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

Induction, Isolation, and Characterization of Two Laccases from the White Rot BasidiomyceteCoriolopsis rigida

Saparrat

Guillén

Arambarri

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

120

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Previous work has shown that the white rot fungus Coriolopsis rigida degraded wheat straw lignin and both the aliphatic and aromatic fractions of crude oil from contaminated soils. To better understand these processes, we studied the enzymatic composition of the ligninolytic system of this fungus. Since laccase was the sole ligninolytic enzyme found, we paid attention to the oxidative capabilities of this enzyme that would allow its participation in the mentioned degradative processes. We purified two laccase isoenzymes to electrophoretic homogeneity from copper-induced cultures. Both enzymes are monomeric proteins, with the same molecular mass (66 kDa), isoelectric point (3.9), N-linked carbohydrate content (9%), pH optima of 3.0 on 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP) and 2.5 on 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), absorption spectrum, and N-terminal amino acid sequence. They oxidized 4-anisidine and numerous phenolic compounds, including methoxyphenols, hydroquinones, and lignin-derived aldehydes and acids. Phenol red, an unusual substrate of laccase due to its high redox potential, was also oxidized. The highest enzyme affinity and efficiency were obtained with ABTS and, among phenolic compounds, with 2,6-dimethoxyhydroquinone (DBQH 2 ). The presence of ABTS in the laccase reaction expanded the substrate range of C. rigida laccases to nonphenolic compounds and that of MBQH 2 extended the reactions catalyzed by these enzymes to the production of H 2 O 2 , the oxidation of Mn 2؉ , the reduction of Fe 3؉ , and the generation of hydroxyl radicals. These results confirm the participation of laccase in the production of oxygen free radicals, suggesting novel uses of this enzyme in degradative processes.Lignin is an aromatic heteropolymer of phenyl-propanoid units which confers structural rigidity to woody plant tissues and protects them from microbial attack (25). To depolymerize and mineralize lignin, white rot fungi have developed a nonspecific oxidative system including several extracellular oxidoreductases, low-molecular-weight metabolites, and activated oxygen species (47). The ability of white rot fungi to degrade a wide number of organopollutants is in part due to the action of this nonspecific system (42). Extracellular enzymes involved in the degradation of lignin and xenobiotics by white rot fungi include several kinds of laccases (34, 49), peroxidases (8, 33), and oxidases producing H 2 O 2 (20,32,50).The enzymatic composition of the ligninolytic system depends on the fungal species, with laccase being the common component (24,43). For this reason, a wide number of studies have focused on demonstrating the participation of laccase in significant ligninolytic events which were first attributed to other enzymes of the ligninolytic system. These events include the oxidation of nonphenolic lignin units, which comprise ca. 80% of the polymer, the generation of the H 2 O 2 required for both peroxidase activities and hydroxyl radical ( ⅐ OH) formation, and the production of Mn 3ϩ from the Mn 2ϩ pr...

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“…This hydrocarbon composition might explain the relatively low TPH removal efficiency obtained for the polluted soil studied. In order to augment TPH removal efficiencies, other technologies such as bio augmentation should be applied; this would imply the addition of a specialized enzymatic material [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a new rotating drum bioreactor operated at atmospheric pressure on the bioremediation of a polluted soil

Rodriguez-Meza

Chávez-Gómez

Poggi‐Varaldo

et al. 2009

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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This paper reports the effect of the operation and design characteristics of rotating drum bioreactors (RDBs) aerated by natural convection and applied to the treatment of a soil highly polluted with weathered total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) (55,000 +/- 2,600 mg/kg). The parameters studied were length to diameter ratio (L/D), rotating speed (N) and lifter type. The highest TPH removal (59.6 +/- 0.7%) was obtained with the RDB of the lowest L/D ratio (1.5). Removals diminished by 27, 36 and 56%, with a ratio increment of 2.1, 3.1 and 5.1, respectively. Increment of the N, at an optimal value and lifter change from straight to helicoidal showed an improvement on the TPH removal of 20 and 30%, respectively. According to these results, slurry surface renewal through the variation of the N and the change of slurry flow was able to improve TPH removal in RDBs operated by natural convection.

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Biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by natural soil microflora and pure cultures of imperfect and lignolitic fungi

Cited by 77 publications

References 17 publications

Widespread Occurrence of Diverse Human Pathogenic Types of the Fungus Fusarium Detected in Plumbing Drains

Widespread Occurrence of Diverse Human Pathogenic Types of the Fungus Fusarium Detected in Plumbing Drains

Induction, Isolation, and Characterization of Two Laccases from the White Rot BasidiomyceteCoriolopsis rigida

Design of a new rotating drum bioreactor operated at atmospheric pressure on the bioremediation of a polluted soil

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