Biodegradation of chemical waste by specialized methylotrophs, an alternative to physical methods of waste disposal

Ghisalba, Oreste; Cevey, Pierre; Küenzi, Martin; Schär, Hans‐Peter

doi:10.1016/0361-3658(85)90025-6

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It confirms our proposition that in a group of Pseudomonas strains the first step of DMF degradation proceeds via its hydrolysis to dimethylamine and formate [3]. DMFase comprises a significant portion, about 2% of the total soluble protein in DMF-grown Ps.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The N,N-dimethylformamide-degrading bacterium Pseudomonas DMF 313 [3] was grown in 20-1 batch cultures in a 30-1 MBR fermenter (MBR Bioreactor AG, Wetzikon, Switzerland) under aerobic conditions (0.16 vol. air/vol.…”

Section: Organism and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although biodegradation of DMF was observed earlier [l, 21, it is only recently that DMF-degrading bacterial strains have been isolated and characterized [3]. According to their morphological and physiological properties, these strains are specialized facultative methylotrophs and were taxonomically classified as Pseudomonas species [3]. Based on their morphology and substrate spectra, they can be divided into two groups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on their morphology and substrate spectra, they can be divided into two groups. For both groups different DMF degradation pathways were proposed [3]. Group 1 strains hydrolyse DMF to dimethylamine and formate by the novel enzyme N,N-dimethylformamidase (DMFase).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Group 1 strains hydrolyse DMF to dimethylamine and formate by the novel enzyme N,N-dimethylformamidase (DMFase). Dimethylamine and formate are further metabolized to ammonia and carbon dioxide following known metabolic pathways of methylotrophs [3]. Group which is hydrolysed by a formamidase to ammonia and formate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification and characterization of N,N‐dimethylformamidase from Pseudomonas DMF 3/3

Schär

Holzmann

Tombo

et al. 1986

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The N,N-dimethylformamide-hydrolyzing enzyme (DMFase) from Pseudomonas DMF 3/3 has been purified to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity with an overall 49-fold purification, a 24% yield and a final specific activity of 1.98 pmol N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) hydrolyzed min-' (mg protein)-'. The native DMFase has a relative molecular mass of 250000 and is composed of two light-chain (Mr = 15000) and two heavy-chain (M, = 105000) subunits. The stability of DMFase is optimal at pH values above 7.5 and at temperatures below 20 "C. The activity of the enzyme is inhibited by metal-chelating agents such as EDTA and 2,2'-dipyridyl. Emission and atomic absorption spectroscopy measurements showed that iron is present in significant amounts in DMFase, indicating that it is an iron-containing amidohydrolase. In the ultraviolet/visible spectrum prominent bands were observed at 224 nm, 280 nm and 396 nm and shoulders are present at 418 nm and 467 nm.DMFase from Ps. DMF 313 has an isoelectric point of 7.7. The enzyme exhibits optimal activity between pH 5 and 6 and at 40°C. The substrate spectrum is rather narrow. The enzyme hydrolyzes preferentially substituted short-chain aliphatic amides such as DMF, N-ethylformamide and N-methylformamide. N,N-diethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and unsubstituted amides, e.g. formamide, prolinamide, acetamide, acrylamide and butyramide are substrates as well, but are hydrolysed at significantly lower rates. DMFase obeys MichaelisMenten kinetics and its K,,, and VmSx values for DMF are 13.8 mM and 1.89 U/mg, respectively, as determined from a Lineweaver-Burk plot.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Organism and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification and characterization of N,N‐dimethylformamidase from Pseudomonas DMF 3/3

Schär

Holzmann

Tombo

et al. 1986

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Hyphomicrobium

Gliesche¹,

Fesefeldt²,

Hirsch³

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Hy.pho.mi.cro' bi.um . Gr. hyphe thread; Gr. adj. micros small; Gr. masc. n. bios life; M.L. neut. n. Hyphomicrobium thread‐producing microbe. Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Hyphomicrobiaceae / Hyphomicrobium Cells 0.3–1.2 × 1–3 µm; rod‐shaped with pointed ends, or oval, egg‐, or bean‐shaped ; produce monopolar or bipolar filamentous outgrowths (hyphae or prosthecae) of varying length and 0.2–0.3 µm in diameter. Hyphae are not septate, but hyphal cytoplasmic membranes show conspicuous constrictions. Hyphae may be truly branched ; secondary branches are rare. Cells stain with carbol fuchsin, but stain weakly with aqueous aniline dyes. Gram negative and non‐acid‐fast. Do not form spores. The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 59–65 ( T m ). Type species : Hyphomicrobium vulgare Stutzer and Hartleb 1898, 76.

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Methylotrophs

Dijkhuizen¹

1993

Biotechnology

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Biodegradation of chemical waste by specialized methylotrophs, an alternative to physical methods of waste disposal

Cited by 61 publications

References 17 publications

Purification and characterization of N,N‐dimethylformamidase from Pseudomonas DMF 3/3

Purification and characterization of N,N‐dimethylformamidase from Pseudomonas DMF 3/3

Hyphomicrobium

Methylotrophs

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