Biodegradation of cyanide wastes from mining and jewellery industries

Abstract

Cyanide, one of the known most toxic chemicals, is widely used in mining and jewellery industries for gold extraction and recovery from crushed ores or electroplating residues. Cyanide toxicity occurs because this compound strongly binds to metals, inactivating metalloenzymes such as cytochrome c oxidase. Despite the toxicity of cyanide, cyanotrophic microorganisms such as the alkaliphilic bacterium Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 may use cyanide and its derivatives as a nitrogen source for growth, making biodegradation of cyanurated industrial waste possible. Genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic techniques applied to cyanide biodegradation ('cyan-omics') provide a holistic view that increases the global insights into the genetic background of cyanotrophic microorganisms that could be used for biodegradation of industrial cyanurated wastes and other biotechnological applications.

Effectiveness of isosorbide dinitrate in cyanide poisoning as a function of the administration timing

“…The main mechanism of cyanide poisoning in humans and other mammals include the inhibition of cytochrome oxidase C and the impairment of the aerobic metabolism in the mitochondria [1]. Cyanide toxicity occurs because this compound strongly binds to metals, inactivating metalloenzymes such as cytochrome c oxidase [2]. cyanide causes apoptotic cell death that is caspase-dependent and associated with mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cytochrome c release [9].…”

“…The toxic chemical cyanide is frequently used in different industries [1, 2]. Cyanide poisoning poses an imminent threat in various scenarios, both intentional and accidental [1, 3, 4].…”

Bioremediation of soil and water polluted by cyanide: A review

“…Cyanide is converted to carbon and nitrogen source by various enzymes present in microorganism (Ibrahim et al, 2015). The several researchers have been reviewed a bioremediation tests in different scale and conditions (Baxter and Cummings, 2006;Dash et al, 2009;Luque-Almagro et al, 2016). But, few of them show the applicability of the bioremediation technologies in the African countries.…”

Environmentally Benign, Rapid, and Selective Extraction of Gold from Ores and Waste Electronic Materials

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This valuable material is extracted from ores with alow abundance of gold. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This valuable material is extracted from ores with alow abundance of gold.…”

“…[8] To extract the limited amount of gold from ores or WEEE, the following steps are necessary:1 )oxidative leaching of gold from solid ore or WEEE, 2) separation and concentration of gold ions from the leaching solution and 3) reduction of extracted gold ions to neutral gold materials.H owever,a st his process usually requires high energy consumption and causes serious environmental pollution, an increasing number of studies have endeavored to develop new environmentally benign methods with low energy expenditure.With this aim, afew approaches have been developed to improve the second and third steps, for example,b yd esigning new chemicals/processes [8][9][10][11][12][13] or microorganism systems. [1][2][3][4] Under such circumstances,agrowing number of studies have focused on developing new gold leaching chemicals to replace alkaline cyanide,s uch as thiourea, thiosulphate and KI/I 2 . [2] This classical method dates back 100 years and, due to its simplicity and economy,h as been widely utilized as the main technique to leach gold.…”