Biodegradation of Dimethyl Phthalate, Diethyl Phthalate, Dibutyl Phthalate and Their Mixture by VariovoraxSp

Abstract

Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and their mixture by a bacterial strain is reported. The strain was isolated by enrichment technique from garbage dumped soil nearby Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. The isolate had the ability to utilize mixture of DMP, DEP and DBP in the growth medium as well as the individual phthalate esters as the sole source of carbon and energy. The bacterial isolate was identified as Variovorax sp. based on 16S r-DNA sequence analysis. Variovorax sp. degraded >99% of 300 mg/l of DMP, DEP, DBP or a mixture containing 100 mg/l of each within 30 h. Metabolites or end products were not detected by HPLC analyses. Biodegradation of phthalate esters followed first-order kinetics. The rates of biodegradation of individual esters followed the order: DEP>DBP>DMP while in the mixture, rates followed the order: DEP>DMP>DBP. Crude cell free extracts prepared from bacterial isolates contained cocktail of inducible enzymes responsible for the degradation of DMP or DEP.

Degradation of di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate by Fusarium culmorum: Kinetics, enzymatic activities and biodegradation pathway based on quantum chemical modelingpathway based on quantum chemical modeling

“…DEHP was also detected in human blood in concentrations ranging between 15 and 83.2 μg/L (Inoue et al, 2005). Numerous studies have demonstrated that microorganisms play a major role in phthalate degradation in the environment (Prasad and Suresh, 2012;Pradeep et al, 2013;Ahuactzin-Pérez et al, 2014;Bouchiat et al, 2015;Meng et al, 2015). However, it is important to study the pathways of biodegradation to insure that toxic compounds are not generated as the result of microbial metabolism because some carcinogens can be generated as a result of compound biodegradation (Wackett, 2014).…”

The efficient biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate using an anaerobic bioelectrochemical system

“…). However, the products except MMP and PA were found in the BER depended on the results of LC‐MS, including 2‐(carboxymethyl)‐2H‐oxete‐4‐carboxylic acid, heptanedioic acid and benzoic acid (BcA), the low molecular weight products of DMP degradation . This analysis indicated that MMP and PA further degraded in the BER.…”

“…demonstrated that the complete anaerobic degradation times of PAEs, including diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dioctyl phthalate (DEHP), were 49, 28 and 84 days, respectively. Prasad et al . found that Variovorax spp.…”

“…Chang et al 9 demonstrated that the complete anaerobic degradation times of PAEs, including diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dioctyl phthalate (DEHP), were 49, 28 and 84 days, respectively. Prasad et al 10 found that Variovorax spp. cannot degrade DMP thoroughly in an anaerobic environment because it is difficult to metabolize phthalic acid (PA), the intermediate of DMP.…”

New bacteria-destructors of phthalates from the area of the Verkhnekamskoye salt deposit: molecular and biological characteristics and biotechnological potential

“…При этом только для штамма Sphingobium sp. TJ выявлена способность осуществлять деградацию ДБФ (500 мг/л) при засолении среды до 40 г/л NaCl [6,7,13]. Исследуемые нами штаммы утилизировали ДБФ и ДЭФ в количестве 500 мг/л как в отсутствии соли, так и в присутствии 90 г/л NaCl в среде культивирования, что позволяет отнести их к эффективным деструкторам ДБФ и ДЭФ, адаптированным к росту и проявлению деградационных свойств в условиях высокого засоления среды.…”