Biodegradation of isoproturon by Pseudoxanthomonas sp. isolated from herbicide-treated wheat fields of Tarai agro-ecosystem, Pantnagar

Abstract

A gram-negative, rod-shaped, isoproturon (IPU) utilizing bacterium was isolated from herbicide-applied wheat fields of Tarai agro-ecosystem, Pantnagar. The phylogenetic sequence analysis based on 16S rRNA sequence revealed that the isolate could be a distinct species within the genus Pseudomonas. The isolate was a close relative of Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis (95 % similarity) and designated as K2. The bacterial isolate showed positive reaction for oxidase, catalase, and 20 carbohydrates using KB009 Part A and B HiCarbohydrate TM Kit. Degradation experiments were conducted using 200 mg l -1 initial IPU as a source of carbon at different pH and temperatures. Maximum IPU degradation by K2 was observed at pH 7.0 and 30°C, while least degradation at 6.5 pH and 25°C. Addition of dextrose along with IPU as an auxiliary carbon source increased IPU degradation by 4.72 %, as compared to the IPU degradation without dextrose under optimum conditions. 4-isopropylaniline was detected as a degradation by-product in the medium. The present study demonstrated the IPU metabolizing capacity of a novel bacterial isolate K2 that can be a better choice for the remediation of IPU-contaminated sites.

Correlating Biodegradation Kinetics of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4,5-T) to the Dynamics of Microbial Communities Originating From Soil in Vietnam Contaminated With Herbicides

“…The initial T1 community was dominated by Alphaproteobacteria as opposed to some genera of the phylum Firmicutes, like Paenibacillus, Symbiobacterium, Bacillus, and Ureibacillus in the T4A community. Indeed, many species from the Alphaproteobacteria are known for their ability to degrade herbicides (Huong et al, 2007;Cycoń et al, 2011;Giri et al, 2016). We hypothesize that the community from untreated soil is relatively poor in carbon and Gibbs energy sources and as such offers niches for specialized strains that can use the herbicides as alternative sources much more efficiently than those from cultures raised from richer soil.…”

Biodegradation kinetics of diuron by Pseudomonas aeruginosa FN and optimization of biodegradation using response surface methodology

“…The problem of environmental contamination by pesticides goes beyond the locality where it is used (Hussain et al , 2009; Giri et al , 2016). The agricultural pesticides that are exhaustively applied to the land surface travel long distances and can move downwards until reaching the water table at detectable concentrations, reaching aquatic environments at significantly longer distances (De et al , 2014; Meffe and de Bustamante, 2014).…”

“…The efficiency of biodegradation process depends upon optimum atmospheric conditions, which are temperature, pH of soil, moisture contents and concentration of pesticides (Javaid et al , 2016). The diversity of microorganisms involved in degradation of phenylurea herbicides has considered in numerous publications (Tixiera et al , 2002; Hussain et al , 2009; Paulino et al , 2012; Safi et al , 2014; Giri et al , 2016). Most bacterial species which degrade pesticides belong to the genera Flavobacterium , Arthrobacter , Azotobacter , Burkholderia and Pseudomonas (Ray and Mondal, 2017).…”

“…Turnbull et al (2001) researched the diuron degradation by Arthrobacter globiformis and pointed out the accumulation of 3,4‐DCA. Giri et al (2016) was isolated bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis from herbicide‐applied wheat fields and demonstrated as a good choice for the remediation of isoproturon contaminated sites. Zhao et al (2017) was isolated new atrazine‐degrading strain ZXY‐1, identified as Pseudomonas as an efficient bacterium that could be potentially useful for the bioremediation of wastewater containing atrazine.…”

Microflora for improving the Auricularia auricula spent mushroom substrate for Protaetia brevitarsis production

“…Xanthomonadaceae was noteworthy because it was the predominant family in the fermented AASMS samples, especially the Xanthomonadaceae bacteria with ASV abundances higher than 1.00% ( Figure 3 C). ASV5 (mean = 5.62%, SD = 0.94%), ASV6 (mean = 5.47%, SD = 3.72%), and ASV29 (mean = 1.63%, SD = 0.76%) were assigned to Pseudoxanthomonas , and the corresponding bacteria most likely play an important role in breaking down biomolecules in AASMS that cause poor palatability, as many Pseudoxanthomonas species have been reported to have a strong ability to decompose a variety of organic molecules, including pesticides, aromatics, diesel oil and plastics ( Young et al., 2007 ; Nopcharoenkul et al., 2013 ; Meng et al., 2015 ; Giri et al., 2016 ; Lee et al., 2017b ; Lin et al., 2019 ; Sun et al., 2021 ; Yue et al., 2021 ). ASV2 (mean = 1.15%, SD = 0.40%) was assigned to Luteimonas , and Luteimonas species may also contribute to the decomposition of AASMS, as many Luteimonas species have been reported to decompose lignocellulose ( Han et al., 2018 ; Lin et al., 2020 ).…”