Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by native Ganoderma sp. strains: identification of metabolites and proposed degradation pathways

Accelerated PAH Transformation in the Presence of Dye Industry Landfill Leachate Combined with Fungal Membrane Lipid Changes

“…In addition, this phenolic acid has been found to occur naturally in most edible plants [ 64 ]. Furthermore, the study by Torres-Farradá et al [ 11 ] revealed that this metabolite was the simplest and least toxic derivative, easily transformed to CO 2 and H 2 O through biochemical reactions of microorganisms.…”

“…It was reported that the content of 16 PAHs in the soils around the chemical plant n Shanxi (China) amounted to 42.5 mg kg −1 [ 10 ]. Torres-Farradá et al [ 11 ] noted that the half-life of PAHs in soils is 5.7 to 9.1 years. As a result of their hydrophobic nature, PAHs easily bind to solids in wastewater and accumulate in the sludge.…”

Microbe mediated remediation of dyes, explosive waste and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides and pharmaceuticals

“… Phenanthrene (Phe), pyrene (Pyr), naphthalene (NaP), and benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) Brackish water sample from Pichavaram mangrove, Tamil Nadu, India, – – Phe (67%), Pyr (63%), NaP (60%), BaP (58%) – ( Govarthanan et al., 2020 ) Ganoderma sp. Naphthalene, phenanthrene and fluorene – Extracellular ligninolytic enzymes (laccase and non-specific peroxidases) variable naphthalene 34—73%, phenanthrene 9—67%, fluorene 11—64% GC–MS ( Torres-Farradá et al., 2019 ) Pleurotus ostreatus napthalene Pharmaceutical Microbiology Laboratory (NCRRT -Egypt) Naphthalene dioxygenase and ligninolytic enzymes α, β-naphthol, salicylic and benzoic acid 86.47% HPLC and Thin layer chromatography (TLC) ( Elhusseiny et al., 2019 ) Aspergillus terricola var americanus Benz (a) Anthracene, Dibenz (a, h) Anthracene and Indeno [1, 2, 3-cd] Pyrene Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), Chandigarh both extracellular (Laccase enzyme) and intracellular (cytochrome P450 monooxygenase oxidation) pathways variable 94.80, 90.16, and 93.80%, respectively, after 10 days GC–MS ( Guntupalli et al., 2019 ) Pseudomonas sp. JPN2 pyrene crude oil was collected from Dagang Oilfield, Tianjin Province, Northern China Aerobic degradation through dioxygenase enzyme system 4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene, 4-phenanthrol, 1‑hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid and phthalate 82.88% after 25 d GC–MS ( Jin et al., 2016 ) Pseudomonas sp.…”

Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by bacterial mixture

“…PAHs are ubiquitous, very stable in the environment (Yebra-Pimentel et al 2014), such as in the urban soils in southern Poland (Ciarkowska et al 2019), in water and sediments of Kolo creek, Niger Delta Nigeria (Uzoekwe and Ikpesu 2020). They are potentially dangerous due to their carcinogenicity and mutagenicity (Giselle et al 2019), therefore, the removal of them is a huge issue and is attracting a lot of interests. Among of different approaches, microbial degradation is a promising strategy for the efficient removal of PAHs.…”

“…All aforementioned 9 bacterial strains were obtained from the natural environment without genetic modification. Previous research mostly focused on biodegradation of PAHs by single bacteria (Liang et al 2014;Giselle et al 2019). However, there are few studies on the co-culture of several bacteria to degrade PAHs contaminants.…”