Biodegradation of [S,S], [R,R] and mixed stereoisomers of Ethylene Diamine Disuccinic Acid (EDDS), a transition metal chelator

Mobilization of heavy metals from contaminated paddy soil by EDDS, EDTA, and elemental sulfur

“…In their studies, t 1/2 values varied from 3.8 to 7.5 days, depending on the initial EDDS concentration and the soil studied. Our t 1/2 values were, however, higher than the t 1/2 value of 2.6 days reported by Schowanek et al (1997) isms and the level of microbial activity in soil to increase, leading to a higher biodegradation rate (Tandy et al, 2006).…”

“…As an alternative to EDTA, the use of ethylenediamine disuccinate (EDDS) has been proposed for enhanced phytoextraction (Grčman et al, 2003;Luo et al, 2005). The [S, S]-isomer of EDDS is readily biodegradable in soil (Bucheli-Witschel & Egli 2001;Schowanek et al, 1997) and no toxic effects of EDDS and the Cu-EDDS complex have been found on soil life (Kos & Leštan, 2004;Vandevivere, Saveyn, Verstraete, Feijtel, & Schowanek, 2001). …”

Influence of [S, S]-EDDS on Phytoextraction of Copper and Zinc byElsholtzia SplendensFrom Metal-Contaminated Soil

“…EDDS is readily degradable (Schowanek et al, 1997;Vandevivere et al, 2001). After application to soil, EDDS concentrations have a lag time of about 7 d before the degradation of EDDS begins (Tandy et al, 2006).…”

“…Synthetic chelants have been used to artificially enhance heavy metal solubility in the soil solution from the soil solid phase and, thus, to increase heavy metal phytoaviailability. The [S, S]-isomer of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS) was isolated from culture filtrates of the actinomycete Amycolatopsis japonicum (Goodfellow et al, 1997) and is readily biodegradable (Schowanek et al, 1997). At neutral pH, the addition of EDDS gave the best compromise between extraction efficiency of Cu and Zn and loss of Ca and Fe, so that unwanted extraction of major ions from the soil was minimal (Tandy et al, 2004).…”

“…EDDS, a structural isomer of EDTA, is a promising new alternative synthetic chelant. The [S, S]-isomer is not only readily biodegradable, but also usually performs as well as EDTA (Grčman et al, 2003;Luo, Shen and Li, 2005;Meers et al, 2005;Schowanek et al, 1997;Tandy et al, 2004;Ultra et al, 2005;Vandevivere et al, 2001). EDDS performs better than EDTA at solubilizing Cu and Zn from soils at pH 7 at equimolar ratios of chelating agent to metals (Hauser et al, 2005).…”