Biodegradation α-endosulfan and α-cypermethrin by Acinetobacter schindleri B7 isolated from the microflora of grasshopper (Poecilimon tauricola)

Abstract

Extensive applications of pesticides have led to the contamination of ecosystem. Therefore, the isolation of new pesticide degrading bacteria is important. For the biodegradation of α-endosulfan and α-cypermethrin, new bacteria isolates were isolated from grasshopper (Poecilimon tauricola). According to different tests, these isolated bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa B5, Acinetobacter johnsonii B6, Acinetobacter schindleri B7, Bacillus megaterium B9 and Brevibacillus parabrevis B12. The first two of these bacteria have been isolated as those that can use only α-endosulfan and the last two only use α-cypermethrin. Moreover, A. schindleri B7 was determined to be able to degrade both pesticides. When glucose was added to non-sulfur medium containing α-endosulfan (100 mg/L) and minimal salt medium containing α-cypermethrin (100 mg/L), both pesticide degradation and bacterial growth was increased. As a result, A. schindleri, a new gram negative bacterium, can inevitably be used in the biological treatment of environments exposed to pesticides.

Cereal leaf beetle‐associated bacteria enhance the survival of their host upon insecticide treatments and respond differently to insecticides with different modes of action

“…It is likely that the genera of bacteria for which an increase in abundance was recorded are tolerant to the insecticides used, or maybe they are able to degrade insecticides, making them less effective. The above-mentioned genera of bacteria are known to degrade insecticides (Gilani et al, 2016;Ibrahim et al, 2021;Jaffar et al, 2022;Özdal & Algur, 2020Özdal & Algur, , 2022. For instance, Akami et al (2019) demonstrated that genera including Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Burkholderiales (unclassified genera) are potentially involved in the increased tolerance of their insect host-Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) against the dichlorvos insecticide (DDVP).…”

“…For instance, Burkholderia mallei, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia or Citrobacter amalonaticus can enhance the host's metabolism of insecticides (Wang et al, 2022). Generally, it was noted that the following genera of bacteria: Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Stenotrophomonas, Alcaligenes, Serratia and Streptomyces might participate in the degradation of various pesticides (Özdal & Algur, 2022).…”

“…We have chosen these insecticides due to their long period of use in crop protection. Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications, and is a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects, disturbing the functioning of the voltage-gated sodium channels (Özdal & Algur, 2022). Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide, that is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, that causes acute neurotoxicity.…”