Biodeterioration of mural paintings in a rocky habitat: The Crypt of the Original Sin (Matera, Italy)

Nugari, Maria Pia; Pietrini, Anna Maria; Caneva, Giulia; Imperi, Francesco; Visca, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.03.013

Cited by 90 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similar results were obtained by the authors of articles [18,19], who studied mural paintings in Spain and Italy. Apart from the phyla mentioned above, researchers who wrote papers [20,21] [22][23][24].…”

Section: Biodeteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paint-degrading microorganisms

Kurowski

Vogt

Ogonowski

2017

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Section: Biodeteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paint-degrading microorganisms

Kurowski

Vogt

Ogonowski

2017

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“…EPS and/or mineral coatings, pigments) which make rock-inhabiting fungi, cyanobacteria and green algae adapted to the extreme microclimate conditions, including high temperatures, desiccation and osmotic stress (Sterflinger, 1998;Gorbushina and Broughton, 2009), also support a peculiar resistance to biocides (Gorbushina et al, 2003;Nugari et al, 2009). Anyway, the ecotoxicity of commercial biocides increasingly discourages their use in outdoor environments, where black patinas prevail (Scheerer et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocidal effect of lichen secondary metabolites against rock-dwelling microcolonial fungi, cyanobacteria and green algae

Gazzano

Favero‐Longo

Iacomussi

et al. 2013

International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation

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The use of commercial biocides in outdoor environments is increasingly discouraged because of their ecotoxicity, new methods being thus invoked to control patinas of biological origin on the stone cultural heritage. The effects of secondary metabolites (usnic acid, norstictic acid, parietin) produced by saxicolous lichens, natural competitors of rock dwelling microorganisms, were investigated invitro against microcolonial fungi (MCF: Coniosporium apollinis, Coniosporium perforans, Coniosporium uncinatum, Phaeococcomyces-like sp.), coccoid cyanobacteria (Chroococcus minutus) and green algae (Scenedesmus ecornis) which commonly occur on stonework. An acetone/water 10/90 vol/vol mixture was screened as suitable to solubilise the lichen metabolites and to not affect the bioassay results. Benzalkonium chloride 1% was used as positive control.All the three metabolites (approx. 10-2mM) inhibited the growth of the assayed MCF species, displaying the same effect of benzalkonium chloride. Chroococcus and Scenedesmus exhibited sensibility to the lichen metabolites when exposed to high incubation temperatures (35°C), chemicals and temperature synergically yielding percentage decreases of intact cells with red chlorophyll epifluorescence. These findings suggest lichen secondary metabolites as allelopathic agents against rock dwelling microorganisms and as potential natural sources for their control on stone materials in restoration and conservation programmes. In this perspective, the detection of a negligible chromatic alteration (δE<0.5) caused by LSM to the white Carrara marble is reported as the first step of the necessary extensive evaluation of the LSM-stone material interactions

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“…Very often, in fact, stone surfaces are hidden by unaesthetic colonization due to phototrophic and chemoorganotrophic biofilms (Roldán & Hernández-Mariné, 2009), and it is a common practice to treat those surfaces with biocides in order to eradicate the biodeteriogens present (Nugari et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoorganotrophic bacteria isolated from biodeteriorated surfaces in cave and catacombs

Leo¹,

Iero²,

Zammit³

et al. 2012

IJS

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The main objective of this work was the comparative analysis of a large number of bacterial strains isolated from biodeteriorated surfaces in three different sites, namely the catacombs of St. Callistus in Rome, Italy, the catacombs dedicated to St. Agatha in Rabat, Malta and the Cave of Bats in Zuheros, Spain. Our results showed that even considering only culturable chemoorganotrophic bacteria the variability is very high, reflecting the great variety of microhabitats present. Hence any strategies to prevent, control or eliminate the biofilm-embedded microbiota from an archeological surface should take into account a number of considerations as stipulated in our study.

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Biodeterioration of mural paintings in a rocky habitat: The Crypt of the Original Sin (Matera, Italy)

Cited by 90 publications

References 10 publications

Paint-degrading microorganisms

Paint-degrading microorganisms

Biocidal effect of lichen secondary metabolites against rock-dwelling microcolonial fungi, cyanobacteria and green algae

Chemoorganotrophic bacteria isolated from biodeteriorated surfaces in cave and catacombs

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