Biodiesel from Low-Grade Animal Fat: Production Process Assessment and Biodiesel Properties Characterization

Canoira, Laureano; Rodríguez-Gamero, Miguel; Querol, Enrique; Alcántara, Ramón; Lapuerta, Magı́n; Oliva, Fermín

doi:10.1021/ie8002045

Cited by 116 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Meanwhile [7] simulated four continuous processes using HYSYS and waste vegetable oils alone under homogenous and heterogeneous catalysis, they concluded that the heterogeneous acid catalyst process was more beneficial. Reference [25] presented a process for obtaining biodiesel from low-grade animal fats. Other simulation studies that have been carried out have utilized solid resin-catalyzed transesterification [26], enzyme catalysis [27][28] and supercritical conditions [29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Simulation of Biodiesel Production from Jatropha Curcas Seed Oil

Okullo¹

2017

AJCHE

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Abstract:The increasing concerns over diminishing fossil fuel supplies and rising oil prices, as well as adverse environmental and human health impacts from the use of such fuels have led to the need of finding alternative fuels that will reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. Biodiesel from plant and animal oils sources, has been identified as such an alternative fuel. However, the major obstacle in the production and commercialization of biodiesel is the production cost. This high cost is mainly attributed to the cost of using edible vegetable oil as feedstock. There is a need to obtain biodiesel without compromising food security. In this paper, an alkali catalyzed continuous transesterification process with a capacity of 8000 tonnes/year of biodiesel from jatropha curcas seed oil was designed and simulated in HYSYS. Laboratory data was used for the simulation and the process was able to produce biodiesel of high purity (over 99.65%) and by-product glycerine with the purity grade of 95.3%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Simulation of Biodiesel Production from Jatropha Curcas Seed Oil

Okullo¹

2017

AJCHE

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“…Animal fats and vegetable oils have been widely used as alternative feedstocks for biodiesel production in order to reduce the dependence on fossil-fuel-based diesel [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. To increase usage of these feedstocks, much attention has been paid to its use in the production of diesel-like fuels and/or other value-added chemicals [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Cracking of Jatropha Oil with Hydrogen to Produce Bio-Fuel Oil

Wang

Chang

et al. 2016

Energies

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This study used thermal cracking with hydrogen (HTC) to produce bio-fuel oil (BFO) from jatropha oil (JO) and to improve its quality. We conducted HTC with different hydrogen pressures (P H2 ; 0-2.07 MPa or 0-300 psig), retention times (t r ; 40-780 min), and set temperatures (T C ; 623-683 K). By applying HTC, the oil molecules can be hydrogenated and broken down into smaller molecules. The acid value (AV), iodine value, kinematic viscosity (KV), density, and heating value (HV) of the BFO produced were measured and compared with the prevailing standards for oil to assess its suitability as a substitute for fossil fuels or biofuels. The results indicate that an increase in P H2 tends to increase the AV and KV while decreasing the HV of the BFO. The BFO yield (Y BFO ) increases with P H2 and t r . The above properties decrease with increasing T C . Upon HTC at 0.69 MPa (100 psig) H 2 pressure, 60 min time, and 683 K temperature, the Y BFO was found to be 86 wt%. The resulting BFO possesses simulated distillation characteristics superior to those of boat oil and heavy oil while being similar to those of diesel oil. The BFO contains 15.48% light naphtha, 35.73% heavy naphtha, 21.79% light gas oil, and 27% heavy gas oil and vacuum residue. These constituents can be further refined to produce gasoline, diesel, lubricants, and other fuel products.

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“…Reddy et al 12 showed that nanocrystalline CaO as heterogeneous catalyst required 6 h for the maximum conversion of fat into biodiesel. Canoria et al 13 investigated the production of biodiesel from mixtures of animal fat and soybean oil in two stages. In first stage, esterification was carried out with p-toluenesulfonic acid followed by transesterification with methanol using sodium methoxide as catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%