Biodiesel fuel production by the transesterification reaction of soybean oil using immobilized lipase

Abstract

The enzymatic alcoholysis of soybean oil with methanol and ethanol was investigated using a commercial, immobilized lipase (Lipozyme RMIM). The effect of alcohol (methanol or ethanol), enzyme concentration, molar ratio of alcohol to soybean oil, solvent, and temperature on biodiesel production was determined. The best conditions were obtained in a solvent-free system with ethanol/oil molar ratio of 3.0, temperature of 50 degrees C, and enzyme concentration of 7.0% (w/w). Three-step batch ethanolysis was most effective for the production of biodiesel. Ethyl esters yield was about 60% after 4 h of reaction.

Enzymatic Synthesis of Biodiesel via Alcoholysis of Palm Oil

“…For all three reactant molar ratios, the stepwise addition of ethanol produced higher biodiesel yields than those observed when ethanol was added in a single step at the beginning of the reaction. Similar results were presented by Bernardes et al [16] in the transesterification of soybean oil and ethanol using Lipozyme RM IM and also by Hernández-Martín and Otero [11] that have verified an increase in the conversion of the transesterification of sunflower oil and ethanol using 10 wt.% of Lipozyme TL IM with a stepwise addition of the alcohol.…”

“…The highest yield was verified at 50°C (25.2%) and the lowest at 78°C (3.3%). The decrease in ethyl ester yields was presumably due to the deactivation of the enzyme caused by high temperatures [16]. In addition, hydrophilic solvents, such as ethanol, tend to reduce lipase thermal stability [17].…”

Simultaneous single-step immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B and incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles on poly(urea-urethane) nanoparticles by interfacial miniemulsion polymerization

“…The magnetic PUU nanoparticles with immobilized CALB were attracted by an external magnetic field and used as catalyst for ethyl oleate, geranyl oleate and geranyl propionate production in a solvent free-system, performed according Bernardes et al and Paroul et al [28][29][30]. These reactions were performed with magnetic PUU NPs with 2 wt% (reaction I1) and with 10 wt% (reaction I2) of CALB.…”

“…Bernardes et al [28] obtained low conversions of ethyl oleate when the addition of ethanol was carried out in one-step (16.9% in 8 hours). In order to increase the production of ethyl oleate, the authors evaluated the effect of a gradual addition of ethanol to prevent deactivation of lipase by a high concentration of alcohol at the beginning of reaction.…”

Production of Environmentally Friendly Biodiesel by Enzymatic Oil Transesterification / Nežalingo Aplinkai Biodyzelino Gamybos Fermentinio Aliejaus Peresterinimo Būdu Optimizavimo Tyrimas / Получение Экологичного Биодизеля Путем Ферментативной Переэтерификации Масла

“…The alkyl esters synthesis was evaluated as function of type of solvents used (n-hexane or t-butanol), type of alcohol used (methanol, 1-butanol, 1-hexanol, 1-octanol or ethane-1,2-diol (ethylene glycol), temperature (30, 40 and 50 °C), alcohol/RO molar ratio (1:4, unless specified otherwise) and in respect to stepwise addition of alcohol (single addition or two or three consecutive additions at different times), (Bernardes et al 2007;Jeong, Park 2008).…”